Organizational Environments and Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Authoritative Environments and Culture - Essay Example As the paper traces the home office of the Upstate New York Synod is in Syracuse, New York and the national base camp of the ELCA is in Chicago, ILL. Mr. Gail has been in the association for a long time and has had his reverend situation for a long time. The organized meeting gave a few advantages over the span of the meeting. This sort of meeting guaranteed effective directing of the meeting in light of the fact that the inquiries accessible in the poll gave a manual for how the inquiries questions were to be replied. This inferred in the report the inquiries posed and replied during the meeting kept deviation from the principle subject of the meeting. The advantage was having explicit inquiries addressed that were fixated on the current point. This investigation features that the reverend deals with all the tasks of this intricate association. His essential administration task is the administration of correspondence between the volunteers who are associated with actualizing various arrangement of projects. The undertakings every day include overseeing schedules, email, and advertising takes note. These subtleties are created by the administration of a synergistic procedure utilized in program advancement, and the coaching of understudy pioneers. On this, Mr. Gail’s position requires half of the budgetary assets important to run the association, which includes the board of yearly and exceptional battles, gathering pledges occasions including the administration of a database for advancement endeavors.

Quotations for an 18th Birthday

Citations for an eighteenth Birthday At the point when you turn 18, you become a grown-up from various perspectives. In the U.S., you can cast a ballot, enroll in the military, wed without parental assent, and be considered responsible for your own activities in a courtroom. Simultaneously, be that as it may, youre still a youngster and, likely, despite everything depending on your folks for both good and budgetary help. Also, in the U.S., in contrast to numerous nations, youre still too youthful to even consider drinking liquor legitimately. Some popular scholars, journalists, on-screen characters, and humorists have had a great deal to state about turning 18. Some think its the ideal time of life; others have an altogether different perspective! The celebrated entertainer Erma Bombeck felt it was a perfect time for parent freedom: I take a down to earth perspective on bringing up youngsters. I put a sign in every one of their rooms: Checkout Time is 18 years. What Happens When You Turn 18 While nobody immediately gets dependable or well off at age 18, you are unexpectedly given the apparatuses to settle on monetary and individual choices. Simultaneously, guardians lose the option to settle on choices for your sake except if you hand those rights over. For instance: Guardians can no longer settle on wellbeing choices for you except if you sign a record appointing them those rights.Parents cannot prevent you from or drive you to settle on legitimate choices or understandings. That implies you can simply go off and get hitched, rent a condo, or join the military on your own.You can sign waivers for doing perilous exercises, for example, skydiving or bungee hopping without your folks approval.You can run for some political offices.You can lawfully savor liquor numerous nations including Canada and France. While you increase every one of those opportunities, however, you additionally do not have the experience and information you may need to settle on the correct choices. Is it actually a smart thought to move out of your folks home before you have a vocation, for instance? Numerous individuals do venture out from home at age 18; some handle the change well, however others make some hard memories overseeing all alone. 18 Is the Perfect Age Some well known individuals see (or saw) age 18 as the ideal age. Youre mature enough to would what you like to do and youthful enough to appreciate it! Youre likewise at a decent age for having dreams for your future. Here are a couple of extraordinary statements about the opportunity and vision associated with age 18. John Entwistle: I mean, eighteen years of age is the time of assent in Europe and you can go anyplace and do anything you like. In America, it is idiotic. At eighteen you ought to have the option to do whatever you like, with the exception of get hitched. Selena Gomez: ...by the day's end, Im eighteen, and Im going to begin to look all starry eyed at. Imprint Twain: Life would be endlessly more joyful on the off chance that we must be conceived at eighty years old and steadily approach eighteen. Bryan Adams, from the tune 18 Till I Die: Someday Ill be 18 goin on 55! /18 until I kick the bucket. 18 Is the Age of Confusion Essayists and artists glance back at their eighteenth year and recall feeling befuddled and uncertain about what their identity was and how they should push ahead. A few, similar to Albert Einstein, considered 18 to be the year when individuals accept theyre grown-ups despite the fact that they arent. Alice Cooper, from the melody Im 18: I got a babys cerebrum and an old keeps an eye on heart/Took eighteen years to get this far/Dont consistently comprehend what Im talkin about/Feels like Im livin in question/Cause Im/Eighteen/I get confounded each day/Eighteen/I just dont realize what to state/Eighteen/I gotta escape. Albert Einstein: Common sense is the assortment of biases procured by age eighteen. Jim Bishop: Nobody comprehends anybody 18, including the individuals who are 18. 18 Is the Age of Dreamers When youre 18, you feel enabled, and you realize as long as you can remember is yet to be lived. Afterward, you may have an alternate assessment! Gracie May: When I turned 18, the entire world was in front of me. At the point when I turned 19, it felt like my entire world was behind me. F. Scott Fitzgerald: At eighteen our feelings are slopes from which we look; at forty-five they are collapses which we stow away. Liv Tyler: I cried on my eighteenth birthday celebration. I thought 17 was such a pleasant age. Youre youthful enough to pull off things, yet youre mature enough, as well. Eric Clapton, from the melody Early in the Morning: When a girlâ reachesâ the age of 18/She starts to think shes grown​/And that is the sort of young lady/You can never discover at home.

Is Oxbridge Just For Rich Kids

Is Oxbridge Just For Rich Kids The OE Blog Amidst the outrage caused by the government’s plans to raise university tuition fees in England to £9000, one of the greatest concerns raised has been the impact the new system will have on underprivileged students applying for university places. These concerns, expressed by a wide range of sources, from the National Union of Students to Liberal Democrat deputy leader Simon Hughes, have now been heightened by a report released by the Sutton trust. The report studied the numbers of children who qualified for free school meals (representative of coming from underprivileged backgrounds or economically disadvantaged families) and calculated how many of them went on to attend top British Universities. The startling results reveal that a mere 0.8% of the student body at Oxford and Cambridge Universities consists of pupils who were eligible for free school meals, making them a shocking 55 times less likely to end up with an Oxbridge education than those from private schools. On top of this, the government has announced that it will be axing the Aim Higher Scheme, which existed to encourage and facilitate access to higher education for deprived pupils. These measures, combined with the plans to raise tuition fees to a staggering £9000, are widely predicted by campaigners, researchers and think-tanks to result in a proverbial ‘perfect storm’, devastating the chances of attending top universities, or even any university, for students from deprived backgrounds. Campaigners fear that the already enormous gap between poor and privileged students at the top universities will yawn wider still with the introduction of the new tuition fees scheme until we face a tiered higher education system where the rich pay for the best university degrees; middle class, middle-income earners lose out with mediocre degrees and longer, greater debts; and those from the poorest backgrounds simply never get to university at all. Though the government is quick to insist that those universities choosing to charge above £6000 will have to jump through tough hoops to prove their investment in rigorous access schemes, their assurances are rather dampened by the withdrawal of the Aim Higher Scheme, which will effectively cancel out these extra measures as they will only be replacing the funds withdrawn by the state funded access programme. Cameron and Clegg have also been much less forthcoming about the other concerns about the new tuition fees scheme highlighted by campaigners and research groups. Most significant of all is the risk that those universities providing the greatest number of places for disadvantaged students will be badly hit financially under the new tuition fees system. The government plans to introduce a requirement that universities charging over £6000 will foot the bill for one year of tuition fees for those students who were eligible for free school meals. But the Sutton report points out that this is likely to have negligible impact on elite universities such as Oxford and Cambridge who have so few FSM students anyway, allowing them to increase their fees exponentially, whilst universities who provide the greatest access for underprivileged students will effectively be penalised for their fairness and support to the extent that they will be forced to take greater numbers of financially secure students instead in order to avoid bankruptcy. Though the figure of 0.8% sounds appalling however, it is overly simplistic solely to point the finger directly at Oxbridge and other elite universities, jumping to the conclusion that their lack of access schemes and unfair selection procedures are the main cause of their skewed student statistics. In fact a 2009 report showed that on average 15% of students eligible for free school meals did not even achieve 5 GCSEs, suggesting that a lack of support much earlier on and the difficulties of their home environments may be stopping them from achieving highly enough to apply for top universities in the first place. This is supported by statistics showing that the percentage of students from state schools applying to Oxford and Cambridge universities roughly equates to the percentage taking up places, suggesting that it is not the universities’ applications procedure that creates the disparity. All evidence points to the fact that greater, far more rigorous intervention and encouragement is required nationwide at a much earlier stage in order to tackle the problem of equal access to university. So the decision of the government to hike tuition fees to dizzying new heights whilst simultaneously scrapping access schemes and punishing universities offering the most places to disadvantaged pupils is irresponsible, ill-conceived, and in the long term likely to devastate access to higher education for the poorest students.

Saving Ourselves And Others - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 738 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/03/14 Category Environment Essay Level High school Tags: Recycling Essay Did you like this example? Saving Ourselves And Others   Our species has lived over two hundred thousand years on earth and in the past year we have created over 2.6 trillion pounds of garbage. Thats over eleven million Royal Caribbean cruise ships in weight. The largest cruise ships built to this day. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Saving Ourselves And Others  " essay for you Create order We just throw away trash and never really think about where it goes. Most of us never see it. Most trash is sent to landfills where it is burned releasing methane and carbon dioxide, which makes up almost ninety percent of the gases in a landfill. The bacteria breaking down the trash also releases harmful gases into our atmosphere. Those chemicals can also contaminate our bodies of water and ground water. Some trash is even dumped into the ocean, almost fourteen billion pounds of trash is dumped into the ocean every year. The simple way of protecting our planets land, air, and water is to recycle. Landfills have become a global problem. We are running out of space to put the synthetic waste. This accumulation it will have devastating effects on the environment. Plastic is a really hard substance to break down. It takes thousands of years to decompose. When the plastic decomposes it releases harmful green house gases. These gases ,carbon dioxide and methane, are very harmful to take in. Each trees can only get rid of about fifty pounds of carbon a year, but plants are considered a limited resource. We need a well balance of carbon dioxide to be able to have oxygen. If we can reduce the amount of plastic we uses daily it would help substantially. I used to use over two plastic water bottles a day until I switched to a permanent water bottle. That is approximately fourteen water bottles a week. Imagine everyone in the United States (325.7 million) using half of that a week. Thats over two billion water bottles a week. With recycling we dont have to destroy habitats to make more r oom for our waste. We will be able to save trees and natural habitats for wild life. Landfills can even hurt our near bodies of water. When it rains the water carries the chemicals from the landfill to near by bodies of water. Essentially making it dangerous for aquatic life and the wild life that has to drink out of that body of water. Landfills also effect our ground water. In some states their water filters are not as robust as others. This makes public water questionable in some areas. Some public water in the United states even carries these harmful bacteria and chemicals. Trash in the sea is also a big problem. Hundreds of thousands of marine animals die each year die each year from ocean pollution, and almost one million seabirds die from ocean pollution problems. There is even an island of trash in the great pacific that stretches over six hundred thousand miles composed of plastic and floating trash. This Island is the size of Texas; the biggest state in North America. Plastic in the ocean kills many marine life due to them mistaking it as food. Upon ingesting it they consume many chemical killing them from the inside. If they do survive the plastic is passed up the food chain harming the bigger fish that relies on those smaller marine life. Sea turtles also mistake plastic as food and when they ingest it they choke or they starve from the plastic making them think that they are full. This has made almost all species of sea turtles become endangered. The cost of recycling my be high, but is letting a whole planet unlivable not equal to the cost? The Earth will always be here but will we? If pollution keeps skyrocketing the way it is now we wont be able to live on the planet that we are meant to be on. As of right now we do not have the technology to find another planet to live on. We do however, have the knowledge and the power to make earth a healthy living space; not just for us but for the thousands and thousand of animals with us. Many people have started organizations to help with our trash epidemic. They just need a little help and understanding from others, because we will have to face this epidemic in the future. So why not prevent that fate before hand and recycle to make a cleaner and breathable future.

Financial Analysis Of Two Stocks - 1518 Words

Joshua Keister is a senior at SIUE pursuing a degree in Business Administration with a dual concentration in Finance and CMIS. He is wanting to become a Financial Advisor/Planner. The two stocks Joshua picked were Activision Blizzard Inc. and Braskem S.A.. The purpose of these stocks is to obtain high growth with a large-cap company and international growth, helping the portfolio retain its high growth potential and stay diversified. Colton Hamel is in his final semester at SIUE. He is planning to receive his Bachelor’s Degree in Management with a Finance specialization in December. He is looking to pursue a career in banking or financial planning. His analysis was focused on McDonalds and Boeing. These two stocks purpose is to be safe†¦show more content†¦We believe it is important to capitalize on the bullish market we are currently in, but are worried this may not continue in the long run. Due to this, we chose 8 stocks that were a mix of diversified value and growth stocks. Investment Strategy The investment style of an investor who wants to capitalize on favorable current market conditions, but also not be overly bullish and lack protection if the market corrects into a downturn. The stocks we chosen to accomplish this are Activision, Braskem SA, Boeing, McDonald’s, IBM, Hershey, TechTarget, and Willdan Group. Section 2. The Securities Activision, IBM, and TechTarget Section 2.1 Sector Outlook: Technology We are slightly bullish in the technology sector, because of this we have chosen three stocks in this sector. We feel comfortable with this because of the overall size and growth of the technology sector. Our companies in the technology industry specialize in the research and development and the distribution of technologically based goods and/or services. This industry is also producing new and innovating items which makes it a prime choice for investors. In 2016, the tech industry generated market sales of about $2.9 trillion and it expected to grow by 4.7% in 2017 (Bartels, 2016). ActivisionShow MoreRelatedStock Market Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks And Regression Analysis871 Words   |  4 Pages Stock Market Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks and Regression Analysis Tyler T. Procko Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University TO: Professor Michael Perez, M.A., M.F.A. FROM: Tyler T. Procko DATE: 10/03/2016 SUBJECT: Analytical Report Proposal I. Purpose / Background / Audience: Relatively accurate prediction of multi-tiered, non-linear events has long been a difficult and time-consuming task to perform; forecasting the movement ofRead MoreIntroduction to the Finance Company Project979 Words   |  4 Pagesof a major, publicly traded corporation using financial concepts and techniques as well as the concepts and techniques from other business areas. Make sure any statements you make in your analysis are consistent with the knowledge base of finance. Also please include your calculations (including spreadsheets), data sources (be specific, including date and page number(s)), and assumptions (explain your rationale) in the appendices. While your analysis should be geared toward finance, nobody, ofRead MoreFinancial Performance Analysis1727 Words   |  7 PagesLITERATURE Financial statement analysis is the process of examining relationships among financial statement elements and making comparisons with relevant information. It is a tool in decision-making processes related to stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments. Analysis of financial statements provides valuable information for managerial decision. Financial analysis is commonly called analysis and interpretation offinancial statement. Analysis of financial statements means establishingRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 19071660 Words   |  7 Pageswere considered full service financial institutions. In the year 1913, the Federal Reserve System was created by congress to help stabilize the financial market by acting as the lender of last resort to the banking institutions. Nonetheless the great depression still hit the economy between 1929 and 1933 which led to the stock market crash and market share value decrease by 80%. By the 1980s, the economy had stabilized again and there was increase in computer analysis, electronic information transferRead MoreThe Great East Japan Earthquakes Impact on the Japanese Financial System1576 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great East Japan Earthquakes impact on the Japanese financial system Introduction Japan is located in an area where several tectonic plates meet. 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QM’s WAAC is _%? 2).(Weighted average cost of capital)Crypton Electronics has a capital structure consisting of 45% common stock and 55% debt. A debt issue of $1,000 par value, 6.1% bonds thatRead MoreCase Study Of Finance Myntra As A Training Provider For Stock Market Analysis Essay726 Words   |  3 PagesFinance Myntra is a training provider for stock market analysis. Its founders being Gurjant and Dikshita started this institute (earlier it was known with name creating wealths) with a vision and mission in May 2012. Finance Myntra started their financial literacy program from tricity and now they are established in Punjab and himachal along with tricity (Panchkula, Mohali, and Chandigarh). Gurjant Singh, Co-Founder of Finance Myntra gave up his job as financial analyst from a reputed company with aRead MoreAcc 291 Week 41099 Words   |  5 Pagescomputing shares, dividends, and stock splits, and documenting treasury stock deals. 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The World Of Poetry By Michael Dickman - 1184 Words

The world of poetry is often thought of as a world of Shakespearian sonnets and sappy proclamations of love and longing. However, if you dig deeper you will discover poets such as Emily Dickinson, Allen Ginsberg, Sylvia Plath, Theodore Roethke, etc., who have all discussed suffering, sadness, and mortality in beautiful ways. Michael Dickman, a contemporary poet, is no stranger to suffering, and much of his works contain stories of the pains we must face in today’s society. Dickman’s poems discuss â€Å"spiritual longing, the improbable expectations fathers have for their sons, drug abuse, gritty neighborhoods, and unfailingly complicated human relationships (coppercanyonpress).† However, although his poems are bursting with loss and disappointment, they still allow the reader to know that â€Å"still/there is a lot to pray to/on earth† and that with suffering comes hope. Throughout this poetry course, I have personally been interested in poems that focus on suffering and what comes after pain, which is what draws me most to Michael Dickman. My love for Dickman originally started with his twin brother Matthew and his poem â€Å"Slow Dance.† Matthew’s poems are truly beautiful and special, however, I get a larger sense of pain and suffering from Michael’s poems. They are darker and more brooding than Matthew’s. Some people even go as far as to say that Michael and Matthew, although twins, are polar opposites in poetry, even when their poetry focuses on many of the same issues. InShow MoreRelatedLove As a Theme In a Poem Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesLove is one of the main sources that move the world, and poetry is not an exception, this shows completely the feelings of someone. In â€Å"Litany† written by Billy Collins, â€Å"Love Poem† by John Frederick Nims, â€Å"Song† by John Donne, â€Å"Lov e† by Matthew Dickman and â€Å"Last Night† by Sharon Olds navigate around the same theme. Nevertheless, they differ in formats and figurative language that would be compared. For this reason, the rhetoric figures used in the poems will conduct us to understand the insights

Dorothy Day Essay Research Paper Dorothy Day free essay sample

Dorothy Day Essay, Research Paper Dorothy Day, laminitis of the Catholic Worker motion, was born in Brooklyn, New York, November 8, 1897. After lasting the San Francisco temblor in 1906, the Day household moved into a level in Chicago # 8217 ; s South Side. It was a large measure down in the universe made necessary because John Day was out of work. Day understands of the shame people feel when they fail in their attempts dated from this clip. ( Miller, p.4 ) When John Day was appointed athleticss editor of a Chicago newspaper, the Day household moved into a comfy house on the North Side. Here Dorothy began to read books that stirred her scruples. Upon Sinclair # 8217 ; s novel, The Jungle, inspired Day to take long walks in hapless vicinities in Chicago # 8217 ; s South Side. It was the start of a life-long attractive force to countries many people avoid. Day won a scholarship that brought her to the University of Illinois campus at Urbana in the autumn of 1914. But she was a loath bookman. Her reading was in a extremist societal way. ( Miller, p.5 ) She avoided campus societal life and insisted on back uping herself instead than populate on money from her male parent. Droping out of college two old ages subsequently, she moved to New York where she found a occupation as a newsman for The Call, the metropolis # 8217 ; s merely socialist day-to-day. She covered mass meetings and presentations and interviewed people runing from pantrymans and pantrymans to labor organizers and revolutionists. She following worked for The Masses, a magazine that opposed American engagement in the European war. In September, the Post Office rescinded the magazine # 8217 ; s get offing license. Federal officers seized back issues, manuscripts, endorser lists and correspondence. Five editors were charged with sedition. In November 1917 Day went to prison for being one of 40 adult females in forepart of the White House protesting adult females # 8217 ; s exclusion from the electorate. Arriving at a rural workhouse, the adult females were approximately handled. The adult females responded with a hungriness work stoppage. Finally they were freed by presidential order. Returning to New York, Day felt that news media was a meager response to a universe at war. In the spring of 1918, she signed up for a nurse # 8217 ; s developing plan in Brooklyn. Her strong belief that the societal order was unfair changed in no significant manner from her adolescence until her decease, though she neer identified herself with any political party. ( Forest, p.23 ) Her spiritual development was a slower procedure. ( Miller, p.6 ) As a kid she had attended services at an Episcopal Church. As a immature journalist in New York, she would sometimes do late-at-night visits to St. Joseph # 8217 ; s Catholic Church. In 1922, in Chicago working as a newsman, she roomed with three immature adult females who went to Mass every Sunday and holy twenty-four hours and put aside clip each twenty-four hours for supplication. It was clear to her that worship, worship, Thanksgiving, invocation # 8230 ; were the noblest Acts of the Apostless of which we are capable in this life. ( Day, p.8 ) Her following occupation was with a newspaper in New Orleans. Back in New York in 1924, Day bought a beach bungalow on Staten Island utilizing money from the sale of film rights for a novel. She besides began a four-year common-law matrimony with Forster Batterham, an English phytologist she had met through friends in Manhattan. Batterham was an nihilist opposed to marriage and faith. In a universe of such inhuman treatment, he found it impossible to believe in a God. ( Miller, p.6 ) It grieved her that Batterham didn # 8217 ; t sense God # 8217 ; s presence within the natural universe. How can at that place be no God, she asked, when there are all these beautiful things? ( Day, p.11 ) His annoyance with her soaking up in the supernatural would take them to dispute. ( Miller, p.7 ) What moved everything to a different plane for her was gestation. She had been pregnant one time before, old ages before, as the consequence of a love matter with a journalist. This resulted in the great calamity of her life, an abortion. The matter and its atrocious wake had been the topic of her novel, The Eleventh Virgin. Her gestation with Batterham seemed to Day nil less than a miracle. But Batterham didn # 8217 ; t believe in conveying kids into such a violent universe. On March 3, 1927, Tamar Theresa Day was born. Day could believe of nil better to make with the gratitude that overwhelmed her than arrange Tamar # 8217 ; s baptism in the Catholic Church. I did non desire my kid to flounder as I had frequently floundered. I wanted to believe, and I wanted my kid to believe, and if belonging to a Church would give her so inestimable a grace as religion in God, and the companionable love of the Saints, so the thing to make was to hold her baptised a Catholic. ( Day, p.16 ) After Tamar # 8217 ; s baptism, there was a lasting interruption with Batterham. In the winter of 1932 Day travelled to Washington, D.C. , to describe for Commonweal and America magazines on the Hunger March. Day watched the dissenters parade down the streets of Washington transporting marks naming for occupations, unemployment insurance, old age pensions, alleviation for female parents and kids, wellness attention and lodging. Back in her flat in New York, Day met Peter Maurin, a Gallic immigrant 20 old ages her senior. Maurin, a former Christian Brother, had left France for Canada in 1908 and subsequently made his manner to the United States. When he met Day, he was jack of all trades at a Catholic boys # 8217 ; cantonment in upstate New York, having repasts, usage of the chaplain # 8217 ; s library, populating infinite in the barn and occasional pocket money. During his old ages of roving, Maurin had come to a Franciscan attitude, encompassing poorness as a career. His celibate, unencumbered life offered clip for survey and supplication, out of which a vision had taken signifier of a societal order, instilled with basic values of the Gospel. A born instructor, he found willing hearers, among them George Shuster, editor of Commonweal magazine, who gave him Day # 8217 ; s reference. What Day should make, Maurin said, was get down a paper to advertise Catholic societal instruction and promote stairss to convey about the peaceable transmutation of society. Day found that the Paulist Press was willing to publish 2,500 transcripts of an eight-page tabloid paper for $ 57. Her kitchen was the new paper # 8217 ; s editorial office. She decided to sell the paper for a penny a transcript, so cheap that anyone could afford to purchase it. ( Day, p.7 ) On May 1, the first transcripts of The Catholic Worker were handed out on Union Square. Few publication ventures run into with such immediate success. By December, 100,000 transcripts were being printed each month. Readers found a unique voice in The Catholic Worker. It expressed dissatisfaction with the societal order and took the side of labour brotherhoods, but its vision of the ideal hereafter challenged both urbanization and industrialism. ( Miller, p.14 ) For the first half twelvemonth The Catholic Worker was merely a newspaper, but as winter approached, stateless people began to strike hard on the door. Maurin # 8217 ; s essays in the paper were naming for reclamation of the antediluvian Christian pattern of cordial reception to those who were homeless. Miller, p.14 ) these manner followings of Christ could react to Jesus # 8217 ; words: I was a alien and you took me in. Maurin opposed the thought that Christians should take attention merely of their friends and leave attention of aliens to impersonal charitable bureaus. ( Miller, p.14 ) By the wintertime, an flat was rented with infinite for 10 adult females, shortly after a topographic point for work forces. Following came a house in Greenwich Village. In 1936 the community moved into two edifices in Chinatown, but no expansion could perchance happen room for all those in demand. Chiefly they were work forces, Day wrote, gray work forces, the coloring material of lifeless trees and shrubs and winter dirt, who had in them as yet none of the viridity of hope, the lifting sap of religion. ( Day, p.13 ) Many were surprised that, in contrast with most charitable Centres, no 1 at the Catholic Worker set about reforming them. A rood on the wall was the lone unmistakable grounds of the religion of those welcoming them. The staff received merely nutrient, board and occasional pocket money. The Catholic Worker became a national motion. By 1936 there were 33 Catholic Worker Houses spread across the state. Due to the Depression, there were plentifulness of people necessitating them. The Catholic Worker attitude toward those who were welcomed wasn # 8217 ; t ever appreciated. These weren # 8217 ; T the worth hapless, it was sometimes objected, but rummies and goldbricks. ( Miller, p.15 ) A sing societal worker asked Day how long the clients were permitted to remain. We allow them remain everlastingly, Day answered with a ferocious expression in her oculus. They live with us, they die with us, and we give them a Christian buria l. We pray for them after they are dead. Once they are taken in, they become members of the household. Or instead they ever were members of the household. They are our brothers and sisters in Christ. ( Day, p.17 ) The Catholic Worker besides experimented with agrarian communes. In 1935 a house with a garden was rented on Staten Island. Soon after came Mary Farm in Easton, Pennsylvania, a belongings eventually given up because of discord within the community. Another farm was purchased in upstate New York close Newburgh. Called the Maryfarm Retreat House, it was destined for a longer life. Subsequently came the Maurin Peter Farm on Staten Island, which subsequently moved to Tivoli and so to Marlborough, both in the Hudson Valley. Day came to see the career of the Catholic Worker was non so much to establish model agricultural communities as rural houses of cordial reception. What got Day into the most problem was pacificism. ( Pausell, p.105 ) Angstrom non-violent manner of life, as she saw it, was at the bosom of the Gospel. For many centuries the Catholic Church had accommodated itself to war. Popes had blessed ground forcess and preached Crusades. In the thirteenth century St. Francis of Assisi had revived the dovish manner, but by the 20th century, it was unknown for Catholics to take such a place. The Catholic Worker # 8217 ; s first look of pacificism, published in 1935, was a duologue between a nationalist and Christ, the nationalist dismissing Christ # 8217 ; s instruction as a baronial but impractical philosophy. Few readers were troubled by such articles until the Spanish Civil War in 1936. The fascist side, led by Franco, presented itself as guardian of the Catholic religion. About every Catholic bishop and publication rallied behind Franco. The Catholic Worker, declining to back up either side in the war, lost two-thirds of its readers. Those endorsing Franco, Day warned early in the war, ought to take another expression at recent events in [ Nazi ] Germany. ( Day, p.20 ) She expressed anxiousness for the Jews and subsequently was among the laminitiss of the Committee of Catholics to Fight Anti-Semitism. Following Japan # 8217 ; s attack on Pearl Harbor and America # 8217 ; s declaration of war, Dorothy announced that the paper would keep its pacificist base. We will publish the words of Jesus who is with us ever, Day wrote. ( Forest, p.18 ) Resistance to the war, she added, had nil to make with understanding for America # 8217 ; s enemies. But the agencies of action the Catholic Worker motion supported were the plants of clemency instead than the plants of war. Not all members of Catholic Worker communities agreed. Fifteen houses of cordial reception closed in the months following the U.S. entry into the war. The immature work forces who identified with the Catholic Worker motion during the war by and large spent much of the war old ages either in prison, or in rural work cantonments. Some did unarmed military service as trefoils. The universe war ended in 1945, but out of it emerged the Cold war, the nuclear-armed warfare province and a series of smaller wars in which America was frequently involved. One of the rites of life for the New York Catholic Worker community get downing in the late fiftiess was the refusal to take part in the province # 8217 ; s one-year civil defense mechanism drill. Such readying for onslaught seemed to Day portion of an effort to advance atomic war as survivable and winnable and to warrant disbursement one million millions on the armed forces. When the Sirens sounded June 15, 1955, Day was among a little group of people sitting in forepart of City Hall. In the name of Jesus, who is God, who is Love, we will non obey this order to feign, to evacuate, to conceal. We will non be drilled into fright. We do non hold faith in God if we depend upon the Atom Bomb . ( Forest, p.9 ) The first twelvemonth the dissenters were reprimanded. The following twelvemonth Day and others were sent to imprison for five yearss. Arrested once more the following twelvemonth, the justice jailed her for 30 yearss. In 1958, a different justice suspended sentence. In 1959, Day was back in prison, but merely for five yearss. Then came 1960, when alternatively of a smattering of people coming to City Hall Park, 500 turned up. The constabulary arrested merely a few ; Day conspicuously non among those singled out. In 1961 the crowd swelled to 2,000. This clip 40 were arrested, but once more Day was exempted. It proved to be the last twelvemonth of frock dry runs for atomic war in New York. ( Miller, p.24 ) Another Catholic Worker emphasis was the civil rights motion. As usual Day wanted to see people who were puting an illustration and therefore went to Koinonia, a Christian agricultural community in rural Georgia where inkinesss and Whites lived peacefully together. The community was under onslaught when Day visited in 1957. One of the community houses had been hit by machine-gun fire and Ku Klux Klan members had burned crosses on community land. Day insisted on taking a bend at the lookout station. ( Miller, p.25 ) Detecting an approaching auto had reduced its velocity ; she ducked merely as a slug struck the maneuvering column in forepart of her face. Concern with the Church # 8217 ; s response to war led Day to Rome during the Second Vatican Council, an event Pope John XXIII hoped would reconstruct the simple and pure lines that the face of the Church of Jesus had at its birth. ( Forest, p.13 ) In 1963 Day was one 50 Mothers for Peace who went to Rome to thank Pope John for his encyclical Pacem in Terris. Near to decease, the Catholic Pope couldn # 8217 ; t run into them in private, but at one of his last public audiences blessed the pilgrims, inquiring them to go on their labors. Acts of war doing the indiscriminate devastation of # 8230 ; huge countries with their dwellers were the order of the twenty-four hours in parts of Vietnam under intense U.S. barrage in 1965 and the old ages following. Many immature Catholic Workers went to prison for declining to collaborate with muster, while others did alternate service. About everyone in Catholic Worker communities took portion in protests. Many went to prison for Acts of the Apostless of civil noncompliance. Probably there has neer been a newspaper so many of whose editors have been jailed for Acts of the Apostless of scruples. Day herself was last jailed in 1973 for taking portion in a banned lookout line in support of farmworkers. She was 75. Day lived long plenty to see her accomplishments honoured. In 1967, when she made her last visit to Rome to take portion in the International Congress of the Laity, she found she was one of two Americans # 8212 ; the other an astronaut # 8212 ; invited to have Sacramental manduction from the custodies of Pope Paul VI. On her 75th birthday the Jesuit magazine America devoted a particular issue to her, happening in her the single whom best exemplified the aspiration and action of the American Catholic community during the past 40 old ages. Notre Dame University presented her with its Laetare Medal, thanking her for soothing the stricken and afflicting the comfy. Among those who came to see her when she was no longer able to go was Mother Theresa of Calcutta, who had one time pinned on Day # 8217 ; s dress the cross worn merely by to the full professed members of the Missionary Sisters of Charity. Long before her decease November 29, 1980, Day found herself regarded by many as a saint. No words of hers are better known than her brusque response, Don # 8217 ; t name me a saint. I don # 8217 ; t want to be dismissed so easy. ( Miller, p.46 ) However, holding herself treasured the memory and informant of many saints ; she is a campaigner for inclusion in the calendar of saints. The Claretians have launched an attempt to hold her canonised. If I have achieved anything in my life, she one time remarked, it is because I have non been embarrassed to speak about God. ( Day, p.1 ) Dorothy Day # 8217 ; s life and plants are a great inspiration. Her altruism and strength are great theoretical accounts for people today. She was non merely seeking comfort the hapless but change their state of affairs. She incorporated CHARITY and JUSTICE in her campaign for the hapless and voiceless. The fact that she questioned the church in her spiritual development is soothing to me. It shows that even the most sacredly devoted people have inquiries. She took an tremendous hazard with her life while staying firm confident in the righteousness of her cause. As a consequence, her life changed many of our mentalities and perceptual experiences. Bibliography: Tom Cornell, Robert Ellsberg and Jim Forest, editors, A Penny a Transcript: Hagiographas from the Catholic Worker ( Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1995 ) Dorothy Day, The Long Loneliness. ( Chicago: Saint Thomas More Press, 1993 ) William Miller, Dorothy Day: A Biography ( New York: Harper A ; Row, 1982 ) William O. Paulsell, Tough Minds Tender Hearts ( New York: Paulist Press, 1990 )

Battle of Friedland in the Napoleonic Wars

Battle of Friedland in the Napoleonic Wars The Battle of Friedland was fought June 14, 1807, during the War of the Fourth Coalition (1806-1807). With the beginning of the War of the Fourth Coalition in 1806, Napoleon advanced against Prussia and won stunning victories at Jena and Auerstadt. Having brought Prussia to heel, the French pushed into Poland with the goal inflicting a similar defeat on the Russians. Following a series of minor actions, Napoleon elected to enter winter quarters to give his men a chance to recover from the campaigning season. Opposing the French were Russian forces led by General Count von Bennigsen. Seeing an opportunity to strike at the French, he began moving against the isolated corps of Marshal Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte. Sensing a chance to cripple the Russians, Napoleon ordered Bernadotte to fall back while he moved with the main army to cut off the Russians. Slowly drawing Bennigsen into his trap, Napoleon was foiled when a copy of his plan was captured by the Russians. Pursuing Bennigsen, the French army became spread over the countryside. On February 7, the Russians turned to make a stand near Eylau. In the resulting Battle of Eylau, the French were checked by Bennigsen on February 7-8, 1807. Departing the field, the Russians retreated north and both sides moved into winter quarters. Armies Commanders French Napoleon Bonaparte71,000 men Russians General Levin August, Count von Bennigsen76,000 men Moving to Friedland Renewing the campaign that spring, Napoleon moved against the Russian position at Heilsberg. Having taken a strong defensive stance, Bennigsen repelled several French assaults on June 10, inflicting over 10,000 casualties. Though his lines had held, Bennigsen elected to fall back again, this time towards Friedland. On June 13, Russian cavalry, under General Dmitry Golitsyn, cleared the area around Friedland of French outposts. This done, Bennigsen crossed the Alle River and occupied the town. Situated on the west bank of the Alle, Friedland occupied a finger of land between the river and a mill stream (Map). The Battle of Friedland Begins Pursuing the Russians, Napoleons army advanced over several routes in multiple columns. The first to arrive in the vicinity of Friedland was that Marshal Jean Lannes. Encountering Russian troops west of Friedland a few hours after midnight on June 14, the French deployed and fighting began in the Sortlack Wood and in front of the village of Posthenen. As the engagement grew in scope, both sides began racing to extend their lines north to Heinrichsdorf. This contest was won by the French when cavalry led by the Marquis de Grouchy occupied the village. Pushing men over the river, Bennigsens forces had swollen to around 50,000 by 6:00 AM. While his troops were exerting pressure on Lannes, he deployed his men from the Heinrichsdorf-Friedland Road south to the upper bends of the Alle. Additional troops pushed north as far as Schwonau, while reserve cavalry moved into position to support the growing battle in the Sortlack Wood. As the morning progressed, Lannes struggled to hold his position. He was soon aided by the arrival of Marshal Edouard Mortiers VIII Corps which approached Heinrichsdorf and swept the Russians out of Schwonau (Map). By midday, Napoleon had arrived on the field with reinforcements. Ordering Marshal Michel Neys VI Corps to assume a position south of Lannes, these troops formed between Posthenen and Sortlack Wood. While Mortier and Grouchy formed the French left, Marshal Claude Victor-Perrins I Corps and the Imperial Guard moved into a reserve position west of Posthenen. Covering his movements with artillery, Napoleon finished forming his troops around 5:00 PM. Assessing the confined terrain around Friedland due to the river and Posthenen mill stream, he decided to strike at the Russian left. The Main Attack Moving behind a massive artillery barrage, Neys men advanced on the Sortlack Wood. Quickly overcoming the Russian opposition, they forced the enemy back. On the far left, General Jean Gabriel Marchand succeeded in driving the Russians into the Alle near Sortlack. In an attempt to retrieve the situation, Russian cavalry mounted a determined attack on Marchands left. Surging forward, the Marquis de Latour-Maubourgs dragoon division met and repulsed this attack. Pushing forward, Neys men succeeded in penning the Russians into the bends of the Alle before being halted. Though the sun was setting, Napoleon sought to achieve a decisive victory and was unwilling to let the Russians escape. Ordering forward General Pierre Duponts division from the reserve, he sent it against the mass of Russian troops. It was aided by the French cavalry which pushed back its Russian counterparts. As the battle re-ignited, General Alexandre-Antoine de SÃ ©narmont deployed his artillery at close range and delivered a stunning barrage of case-shot. Tearing through the Russian lines, fire from SÃ ©narmonts guns shattered the enemy position causing them to fall back and flee through the streets of Friedland. With Neys men in pursuit, the fighting at the southern end of the field became a rout. As the assault against the Russian left had moved forward, Lannes and Mortier had endeavored to pin the Russian center and right in place. Spotting smoke rising from a burning Friedland, they both advanced against the enemy. As this attack moved forward, Dupont shifted his attack north, forded the mill stream, and assaulted the flank of the Russian center. Though the Russians offered fierce resistance, they were ultimately compelled to retreat. While the Russian right was able to escape via the Allenburg Road, the remainder struggled back across the Alle with many drowning in the river. Aftermath of Friedland In the fighting at Friedland, the Russians suffered around 30,000 casualties while the French incurred around 10,000. With his primary army in shambles, Tsar Alexander I began suing for peace less than a week after the battle. This effectively ended the War of the Fourth Coalition as Alexander and Napoleon concluded the Treaty of Tilsit on July 7. This agreement ended hostilities and began an alliance between France and Russia. While France agreed to aid Russia against the Ottoman Empire, the latter joined the Continental System against Great Britain. A second Treaty of Tilsit was signed on July 9 between France and Prussia. Eager to weaken and humiliate the Prussians, Napoleon stripped them of half their territory. Selected Sources Battle of Friedland: French Order of BattleNapoleon Guide: Battle of FriedlandHarvey, Robert. (2006) War of Wars: The Epic Struggle Between Britain and France, 1789-1815. New York: Carroll Graf.

The Old Man And Sea essays

The Old Man And Sea essays The Old Man And The Sea A= . Santiago (The Old Man) is the main character of The Old Man and the Sea. His occupation is a fisherman. Unlike the rest of the fishing community, Santiago continues to fish using traditional methods. These methods, however, do not allow Santiago to catch many fish. Thus, he is forced to live a semi-impoverished life A= Manolin (the young boy) is a young man and good friend of Santiago. Santiago has spent several years teaching and instructing Manolin in the traditional methods of fishing. Where and when the story takes place? A= In Cuba and out in the Gulf Stream, in the 50. A= During the last few moments of the Marlin's life. Santiago battles furiously with the huge fish as it thrashes about in the water. The danger to Santiago is immense because the size of the marlin is much greater than the Santiago's boat. A= Yes because is about the hard existence of the man fighting against his destiny, conditioned by the social and cultural structures that mark his life. A= The story is about Santiago a Cuban fisherman who goes through many conflicts with nature and himself. He experiences poor luck in the latter part of his life which leaves him poor and destitute, relying on a boy to feed him and to be his only true friend. In spite of his skill as a fisherman, only his diligent perseverance ended his eighty-five day drought of fish. In this time of need, Santiago's pride prevailed over his hunger and need of supplies. While fishing in solitude, Santiago's eighty-five day ordeal ended with the snaring of a marlin. During the contest between himself and the fish, Santia ...

Challenges Employees face with electronic health records Research Paper

Challenges Employees face with electronic health records - Research Paper Example Hence, there will be three parts in the research methodology, 1- description of the research strategy, 2- description of sampling strategy and 3- detail description and justification of the data collection instruments. As the researcher will use questionnaire survey method to collect data hence the study will also highlight ethical issues associated with the paper. Research Strategy The researcher has the option to select either qualitative research or quantitative research to conduct the analysis but the researcher will use quantitative research techniques for analyzing demographic variables while qualitative methodology will be used in order to analyze data from the perception perspective of respondents. Quantitative research methodology helps researchers to address â€Å"what is† and â€Å"what might be† components in any research question while qualitative methodology helps in understanding perception of respondents (Roslender 250). Qualitative research methodology can also be used in order to social praxis of the research problem or critical issues regarding any kind of process change (Tinker 18.1; 101). Although these researchers used quantitative research methodology for accounting research but quantitative research methodology can be successfully used for addressing business research problems (Saunders, Lewis, and Adrian 100-102). Hence the researcher will use mix of quantitative and qualitative research technique backed by primary and secondary data sources. Key purpose of this paper is to understand â€Å"how employees at Eye Health Vision Centers feel about the transition from paper charts to Electronic Health Records† Hence the questionnaire will be decided on the basis of this primary research questions and staff in the ophthalmology centers will be the key participants in the questionnaire survey. As mentioned in the module 1, a particular ophthalmology centre (name of the centre will not be used due to confidentiality norm in ethical form) will be selected as the study setting. Any survey is incomplete without questionnaire while close ended questionnaire used in order to check response of respondents on particular topic and open ended questions are used in order to gather perception of respondents. However, in case of medical research on perception of staff about particular system, it is better to use open ended questionnaire (Whiddett, Hunter, Engelbrecht and Handy 75; 532). Hence, the researcher will use open ended questions will be used in order to understand experience of staff at ophthalmology centre regarding transition from paper charts to Electronic Health Records. There is more than 40 staff in the ophthalmology centre and they work in different department in the ophthalmology centre hence researcher will need to identify mutually exclusive but collectively exhaustive sample size which can represent the behavior of sample population. Hence, in the next section, the researcher will brief the sa mpling strategy that has been selected for the research. Sampling Strategy In the ophthalmology centre, there are more than 40 employees and each of the employees has different experience regarding

Entrepreneural process paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Entrepreneural process paper - Essay Example -environmental factors that the business should consider in analyzing the market needs for generation of new ideas and creation of more business opportunities (Jennings et al, 2013). This strategic tool is useful for understanding the external market growth or decline, position of the business, potential and the direction that the operations should take. However, the approach does not focus on the analysis of the internal business environment. The other approach that can be applied by the entrepreneurs is the SWOT analysis. It focuses on Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats of a nursing business venture. Entrepreneurs analyse the internal and the external business environments to understand the factors that are favourable or unfavourable for the business to achieve its objectives. Undertaking the SWOT analysis is eminent for the entrepreneurs to understand the future strategies that will be put in place for the improvement of the business processes in achieving the set obje ctives. SWOT analysis is the more effective of the two approaches because it analyzes both the internal and the external environments in identifying needs for new-idea generation and recognizing new business

Effect of Peers and Gender on Risk Taking Decisions

Effect of Peers and Gender on Risk Taking Decisions The Effect of Peers and Gender on Risk Taking Decisions on Breaking the Rules of College Students Frances Mae H. Balandan Jaymie Aileen T. Huang Patricia Audrey D. Lansang Louie Belle M. Regente Dorothy Joy S. Sy Abstract Keywords: peers, genders, rules, risk-taking The researchers would like to know if clustering and gender affects the decision making of college students that involves risk. Clustering refers to the participants in whether they are classified in a group of friends or acting alone in a situation on making a risky behavior. The typical finding is that, on the average, subjects (group) shift toward greater risk; that is, the group will most likely decide on the risky option than an individual deciding on his or her own. This is the prototype of the group-induced shift toward risk, or simply the risky shift (Clark, 1973). There are theories, such as the social comparison theory, that emphasizes that people with in a group decides differently than people in isolation (Levinger and Schneider, 1969). In terms of gender differences, male participants are more probable to engage in risky behaviors than female participants. In social decision making, males perceive less risk and are more likely to engage in greater risk. Boys’ risk judgments were signià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cantly predicted by their ratings of injury severity (Harris, C. R. Jenkins, H., 2006). Female participants are less probable to engage in risk behaviors in the domains of health, gambling and recreational activities. Females judge the activities as less enjoyable than males (Harris, C. R. Jenkins, H., 2006). In terms of group differences, examples would be that couples on average are risk-averse in their choices, and that risk preferences are less diverse across groups than across individuals. Groups are more risk-averse in lotteries with low probabilities of winning the largest payoffs, but less risk-averse when these probabilities are high (He, H., Martinson. P., Sutter, M., 2011). The gender is a determinant on risky behaviors. Generally, males take more risks. But in some cases, females tend to make riskier decisions. A study showed that males tend to make riskier decision in terms of finances while females take more social risks (Menon, 2011). Risk attitudes expressed by groups and individuals dià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â€š ¬er. In most choice problems involving a safe and a risky option groups tend to take more risk (â€Å"risky shifts†) (Stoner, 1960). Further studies have shown that men prefer their decisions to be implemented as decisions in the group, while women are less likely to so. Risk attitudes in the individual decision-making task have no significant effect on the females’ decision, but have a positive effect for males (Gurdal, M.Y., 2010). Other studies have also shown that adolescents are likely to do risky decision making as compared to adults, because they are prone to the influence of the peers and they tend to conform. They do not want to feel left out because they want to be part of the group, and adolescents are more easily convinced towards risky choices. This not applicable for adults, because they are more mature and self-reliant meaning they can do it independently without relying on the other’s help. (Gardner and Steinberg, 2005) The researchers would like to know the following: Does gender affect the risky decision making of an individual? Does clustering affect the risky decision making of an individual? In this research, the researchers generated four hypotheses: If a group of students are exposed to a risk-taking situation on breaking the rules, then the group consensus will be riskier than the average of the initial individual decisions. If an individual student is exposed to a risk-taking situation on breaking the rules, then s/he will take on a lower risk than the average of the group of students. If a male student is exposed to a risk-taking situation on breaking the rules, then he will take on a higher risk than female students whether be in group, pair or individual decision. If a female student is exposed to a risk-taking situation on breaking the rules, then he will take on a lower risk than male students whether be in group, pair or individual decision. The purpose of the study is to know if the inclusion of a person in a group would influence his/her making risky decisions and to know if the gender of a person matters in making risky decisions. This research will be a breakthrough for parents and counselors in dealing with their son/daughters and clients in terms of risk-taking decision making on breaking the rules. This research is specified to know how and when college students are more inclined to do riskier behaviors. This can help prevent the circumstances and unfortunate effects to take place. This research will also be helpful in terms of being a new discovery as it will be set in the Philippines. Most researches are conducted to study western participants and graduate students. In the group’s study, we will concentrate on college students. The possible difference may lay in the different religion and culture that we have from the western countries. The different concepts the Filipinos have as a community, the different beliefs and the different perceptions may influence the results of this experimental research. Methods Participants The sample consisted of 200 undergraduate Lasallian students, men and women of ages 18 and above. The participants will be chosen via random sampling by asking some students for a few minutes of their time to participate in this experiment. Those willing to participate will be asked to fill up the consent form and log-in sheet before starting the experiment. Research Design Between-subjects mixed design will be used. The independent variables are college students. The levels are individual, and group. The dependent variable is decision upon result of risk taking. Procedure Participants were gathered via random sampling and participated in the experiment It will conducted in a laboratory and done in individually A participant will be asked to read risky situations, and be asked what are the chances that they will do the risky behavior (breaking the rule). The participant will be randomly placed in a risky situation where s/he will is alone or with his/her peers. In this experiment, we will measure the difference of the participants’ decision on whether they will break the rule if they are hypothetically with their group or acting alone. References Clark, R. D., III, Crockett, W. H., Archer, R. L. Risk-as-value hypothesis: The relationship between perception of self, others and the risky shift. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology ,1971,20, 425-429. Gardner, M. Steinberg, L. (2005) Peer Influence on Risk Taking, Risk Preference, and Risky Decision Making in Adolescence and Adulthood: An Experimental Study. Developmental Psychology. Retrieved from http://uwf.edu/smathews/documents/peerroleinrisktakinggardnerandsteinberg.pdf Gurdal, M.Y.(2010) Deciding to Decide: Gender, Leadership and Risk-Taking in Groups. Retrieved from http://eaf.ku.edu.tr/sites/eaf.ku.edu.tr/files/erf_wp_1028.pdf Harris, C. R. Jenkins, H. (2006). Gender Differences in Risk Assessment: Why do Women Take Fewer Risks than Men? Judgment and Decision Making, 2006, 1(1), 48–63, Retrieved from http://journal.sjdm.org/jdm06016.pdf He, H., Martinson, P., Sutter, M. (2011).Group Decision Making Under Risk: An Experiment with Student Couples Retrieved from https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/28122/1/gupea_2077_28122_1.pdf He, H., Martinson. P., Sutter, M. (2011). The Influence of Religious Priming on Self-Control and Risk Taking http://archives.ubalt.edu/ub_archives/inspired_discoveries/pdf/ADAMDspFINAL.pdf Jiang F. X., Jiang, Z. Kim. K. A., Zhang, M. (2013). Family-firm risk-taking: does religion matter? http://www.lingnan.net/seminar/upload/file/20130922/20130922103555225522.pdf Levinger, G. and Scheinder, D. J. (1969): â€Å"Test of the †risk is value† hypothesis,† Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 11, 165-169 Menon, D. (2011, July 25). PRESS RELEASE. Association for Psychological Science RSS. Retrieved January 19, 2014, from http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/news/releases/who-takes-risks.html Stoner (1961): â€Å"A comparison of individual and group decisions under risk,† unpublished thesis, MIT School of Management. Instruments Individual: Instructions: Read each situation carefully. Rate yourself to how much you are willing to do the stated situation, with 1 being the lowest and 10 being the highest. 1. You noticed that your teacher in your math class rarely checks the attendance. Everyone also noticed that some of your classmates are usually absent and cutting their class because the professor’s style of teaching is mundane. You sometimes ditch class with your classmates, but you noticed that you already exceeded the maximum number of absences allowed. You cannot cut the class more than 5 times. You are still tempted to cut the class, because you know that the professor rarely checks attendance. The risk is that the professor might have a roll call, thus leading you to a failing grade at the end of the term. The chances are __ in 10 that I will cut that class. 012345678910 2. You are required to write a group research paper for an English class. The topic must be new and something relevant to your course. You must contribute to writing the research paper. The paper is almost finished except for one significant part of the paper. The deadline is fast approaching you only have until 10pm of that night to finish the paper. You are tempted to plagiarize a portion of someone else’s work by claiming the paragraph of the person’s paper as your own without citation. The risk here is with rise of sophisticated anti-plagiarism software free for use on the Internet, there will be a chance of being caught with the act of plagiarism that will merit a failing grade. The chances are __ in 10 that I will plagiarize, copy a portion of that person’s work and not cite this person’s work. 012345678910 3. You are a part of a cheating chain (a group of students who pass the answers of one to another during a quiz). There are ten of you in the cheating chain a class. The teacher normally sleeps during examination, but he records the class on his phone. After two quizzes of not getting caught cheating, despite the presence of the phone, on the third exam, one of your cheating buddies was caught through the recording camera of the phone. He was the only one who was caught, and only received a warning and a zero on the exam instead of failing the entire course with a disciplinary demerit. The fourth exam is in a few minutes, and the only way to pass is through cheating. You are in desperate need of a high grade. With the fact that out of three exams, one out of the ten of you was only caught cheating, and that the teacher may be stricter due to catching one. What are the chances of you still partaking in the group’s cheating activities or abstain from it? The chances are __ in 10 that I will partake in the cheating chain. 0 1 2345678910 Group: Instructions: Read each situation carefully. Rate yourself to how much you are willing to do the stated situation, with 1 being the lowest and 10 being the highest. 1. You and your four friends noticed that your teacher in your math class rarely checks the attendance. Everyone also noticed that some of your classmates are usually absent and cutting their class because the professor’s style of teaching is mundane. You sometimes ditch class with your classmates, but you noticed that you already exceeded the maximum number of absences allowed. You cannot cut the class more than 5 times. You and your four friends are still tempted to cut the class, because you know that the professor rarely checks attendance. The risk is that the professor might have a roll call, thus leading you to a failing grade at the end of the term. The chances are __ in 10 that I will cut that class. 012345678910 2. You and your seven friends are required to write a group research paper for an English class. The topic must be new and something relevant to your course. Each member of the group must contribute to writing the research paper. The paper is almost finished except for one significant part of the paper. The deadline is fast approaching you only have until 10pm of that night to finish the paper. Your group is tempted to plagiarize a portion of someone else’s work by claiming the paragraph of the person’s paper as your own without citation. The risk here is with rise of sophisticated anti-plagiarism software free for use on the Internet, there will be a chance of being caught with the act of plagiarism that will merit a failing grade. The chances are __ in 10 that I will plagiarize, copy a portion of that person’s work and not cite this person’s work. 012345678910 3. You are a part of a cheating chain (a group of students who pass the answers of one to another during a quiz). There are ten of you in the cheating chain a class. The teacher normally sleeps during examination, but he records the class on his phone. After two quizzes of not getting caught cheating, despite the presence of the phone, on the third exam, one of your cheating buddies was caught through the recording camera of the phone. He was the only one who was caught, and only received a warning and a zero on the exam instead of failing the entire course with a disciplinary demerit. The fourth exam is in a few minutes, and the only way to pass is through cheating. You are in desperate need of a high grade. With the fact that out of three exams, one out of the ten of you was only caught cheating, and that the teacher may be stricter due to catching one. Will the cheating chain be active during the fourth exam? The chances are __ in 10 that I will partake in the cheating chain. 0 1 2345678910

symbolaw Symbols and Symbolism Essay - Symbolism in Kate Chopins The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening Essays

Symbolism in Kate Chopin's The Awakening Kate Chopin's The Awakening is a literary work full of symbolism. Birds, clothes, houses and other narrative elements are powerful symbols which add meaning to the novel and to the characters. I will analyze the most relevant symbols presented in Chopin's literary work. BIRDS The images related to birds are the major symbolic images in the narrative from the very beginning of the novel: "A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over: `Allez vous-en! Allez vous-en! Sapristi! That's all right!'" (pp3) In The Awakening, caged birds serve as reminders of Edna's entrapment. She is caged in the roles as wife and mother; she is never expected to think for herself. Moreover, the caged birds symbolize the entrapment of the Victorian women in general. Like the parrot, the women's movements are limited by the rules of society. In this first chapter, the parrot speaks in "a language which nobody understood" (pp3). The parrot is not able to communicate its feelings just like Edna whose feelings are difficult to understand, incomprehensible to the members of Creole society. In contrast to caged birds, Chopin uses wild birds and the idea of flight as symbols of freedom. This symbol is shown in a vision of a bird experienced by Edna while Mademoiselle Reisz is playing the piano. "When she heard it there came before her imagination the figure of a man standing beside a desolate rock on the seashore. He was naked. His attitude was one of hopeless resignation as he looked toward a distant bird winging its flight away from him." (pp26-27) In this vision Edna is showing her desire for freedom, desire for escaping from her roles as wife and mother, from her husband Léonce who keeps her in a social cage. After these episodes, the images related to birds are absent form the narrative until the chapter 29. Following the summer on Grand Isle, where she had awakening experiences, she starts to express her desire for independence in New Orleans through her move to her own house, the pigeon house "because it's so small and looks like a pigeon house" (pp 84).

Why is authenticity important in the pro-anorexia community?

Abstract The main argument that is advocated in this paper is â€Å"rationality vs. irrationality† – that maladaptive behavior can be justified, sought after and conditioned by a process of ‘groupthink’ and internal shifts of power. As a result, authenticity plays a vital part in this behavior as the group will urge members to be true to their own beliefs and practices in order to further the individual’s search for a sense of concrete realism in a seemingly irrational world. Introduction This essay relates to the lecture Beauty, Eating and Feminine Media which focuses on the embodiment of femininity and its representation in the media. This is done through world-wide concentration on beauty and eating practices that are expressed in media, and also explains some of the disorders that can appear as a result of these practices. It is argued that hegemonic femininity is not singular; thus creating multiple femininities. With this in mind, the paper will explore the extent that femininities are a product of patriarchy – a process of intergroup distinction in and of themselves, or a combination of both. The media’s representation of disorders and problems associated with feminine beauty and eating habits can act as a form of female ‘othering’ and distinction from its counter gender. Consequently, just how much these categories offer valuable sites of resistance is examined. Moreover, this essay is related to the Body, Media and Society model, in order to examine ‘the body’ in society with a focus on the role of media in representing, stereotyping and medicalising ‘the body’ in society. It examines how social structure and ‘the body’ are inherently connected, how they interact and how that interaction impacts on both the body and society as a whole. The module draws on the disciplinary approaches of Sociology and Media and Communications; specifically the sub-disciplines of the Sociology of the Body and Medical Sociology. This essay focuses on pro-anorexia communities, and the reasons why authenticity is important in such a community . These reasons will be separated into respective paragraphs as such:Characteristics of Anorexia Nervosa†¢Excessive weight loss †¢Food restraint †¢Fear of gaining weight †¢Obsessive vis-a-vis body image †¢10 times more likely in women †¢Affects young women & teenagers especially †¢A religious heritage? –Moral meanings –â€Å"Thin as sacred† / â€Å"fat as profane† (Boero and Pascoe, 2012)Notions of Community†¢Modernity and community –Stable, structured and physical (along class, gender, occupational or ethnic lines) †¢Postmodernity and community –Fluid and contingent, increased movement, virtual, viral, not reliant on modern social structures (class, gender, occupation, ethnicity). Is this a community at all?Pro-Anorexia Communities†¢2001 –Time magazine -‘Anorexia Goes High-Tech’ –Identifies pro-ana websites –Sites contain tips for weight loss, how to hide disorders from parents, deprivation diets †¢2008 –Newsweek –‘Out of the Shadow’ –Pro-anorexia communities emerge –Now interactive (Web 2.0) –Appear on facebook, myspace, etc. (Boero and Pascoe, 2012: 28) †¢Media articles and commentary is critical of pro-ana communities, thus the relation to capital is negativePro-Anorexia Communities†¢Non-recovery focused –Weight-loss information –Support (reinforcing anorexia rather than curing it) –Non-judgmental towards the disorder (Boero and Pascoe, 2012: 29) A highly contentious point –Challenges the image of isolated anorexics and â€Å"offers a view of anorexia built on interaction and, indeed, community† (ibid) –Women â€Å"log in to share their struggles, goals, triumphs, and failures in living a pro-ana lifestyle† (ibi d)Where do Boero and Pascoe Direct their Critique?†¢At traditional treatment: –â€Å"most traditional forms of treatment do not emphasize developing a feminist identity or integrate feminist critiques of feminine ideals that emphasize thinness and body perfection† (ibid) †¢At society at large – â€Å"constructions of femininity and the thin ideal fundamentally constitute the disorders themselves† (ibid) Considering that pro-ana communities harbor modern and post-modern characteristics, it will therefore be essential that the research undertaken for this paper covers a longitudinal frame of the history of ‘the body’ and specifically addresses the condition and the social representation of the female body in any given generation. To begin with, the paper explores the genesis of hegemonic femininity, dating back to the 1800’s when women were seen as ‘others’ who were judged solely on their appearance, who were exiled for having any of the same attributes as a man. This social construct gave birth to the now widespread theory of the â€Å"female psychological disorder†, after such movements as the ‘witch-hunt’, or the possession of the early modern witch (who were of course, younger women). Due to the nature of this construct, the social consequences saw a paradox emerging: rationality vs. irrationality. Younger women were conflicted within themselves, and began processing the irrational fixations the world around them had constructed with wholly rational elements of ‘the self’. Pro-ana communities therefore could label justified blame on this ideology, as the process of ‘othering’ had begun. This ‘othering’ soon led to a feeling a hegemonic femininity that wasn’t constructed by a universal form, but by the females themselves. Because women had already been distinguished and separated from their male counterparts, they began to slowly justify their appearance to a point of obsession; in order to regain control over themselves and indeed, the communities around them. Authenticity therefore plays a key feature of this construct, as it implies loyalty to the cause, righteousness of women all over the world and reinforces the distinction between man and woman in favor of the woman’s wants, and not the man’s. The Rationality vs. Irrationality argument also serves to explain the Voluntary vs. Involuntary argument. Involuntary actions such as weight loss are vindicated and sought after by pro-ana communities as the group’s rationale is solidified as a result of the action. An element of hysteria defines this general attitude; in Freudian terms, this means the wide categorization of repressed and unconscious problems such as a sexual repression and patriarchal abuse. Whether this idea is still relevant or not today will be discussed in this essay, and also subsequently whether pro-ana communities can be judged as ‘communities’ at all; given their ideological state rather than their corporeal one. It could be said that pro-ana communities only really exist in member’s minds – media platforms such as the internet and gloss magazines give members the opportunity for collectivism, acting as mechanisms with which to forward their thoughts. (More on this later) To further the history of pro-ana communities, the essay will also look at where self-starvation originated from, and how it preserved itself through the ages. Whether it be for spiritual practice or a political act, the process remains the same, and it is the authenticity of the act that gives it its weight. The essay will analyze why self-starvation implies power over the intended target (the opposite gender, governments, even God). Michel Foucault’s theory of power and knowledge will underline this deliberation, as will his book Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. In this book, Foucault defines the evolution of madness through the Renaissance, the Classical Age and the Modern Age, suggesting that in the first phase (the Renaissance) ‘mad’ people were represented in art as possessing wisdom and knowledge of the limits of our reasoned world. This gives reason for the birth of pro-ana communities. By ‘othering’ themse lves from the rest of society, perhaps they feel that they harbor more power and knowledge over sociological conformities. Foucault also argues that the conceptual distinction between ‘mad’ and ‘sane’ people was the forefront to what he has dubbed â€Å"The Great Confinement† – which saw ‘mad’ people being locked away in institutions and exiled from the rest of society. They were separated completely. But here we see pro-ana communities existing in plain sight, in media representation and even the wilful acts of its advocates. They wish to be separate; but in a way that renders them safe from total banishment, in a way that still awards them power and distinction through the authenticity of their actions. This feeling of confinement seems to be also felt in schools. Rich and Miah (2010) examined how school life can affect female self-surveillance by distorting it and separating the person as a result. The ability to self- govern is also directly weakened by these public perceptions. Thus, this section of the essay will also concentrate on the distinction between the mind and the body – a theory first introduced by Descartes. The essay will then move on to more contemporary matters such as the depiction of women in media and advertising, and specific problems caused by these perceptions such as the ‘yummy mummy’ label that has seen rise in recent years (Notably in 2007, with the creation of Liz Fraser’s The Yummy Mummy’s Survival Guide). This wave has seen even new mother’s going to extreme lengths to make sure they look as attractive as possible after giving birth. Easy-to-read books like this that are clearly aimed at housewives propel the attitude that pro-ana communities share. It is an obsession over appearance and an empowerment as a result of ‘buying in to the modern life’. What makes this matter more widespread and significant is its habit of ownership over people – For instance, when the press made Sarah Jessica Parker into public property, the general consensus was that she was allowed to be criticized, judged, labelled or complimented by any one in the world that knew her name. In this scenario, the press are the ones that benefit, the population become uniform in their opinions and Sarah Jessica Parker is seen as sub-human; not real, not authentic†¦ a picture in a magazine. The benefits of pro-ana communities therefore is that women can see each other for real, talk to one another and second-handedly urge each other to carry on the habit. Pro-anorexia communities have since appeared all over the internet on mediums such as Facebook, Myspace, etc. This platform has enabled a new breed of networking that has never been seen before. Members of a community now have the ability to share and discuss their thoughts, struggles and even brag about their condition to other women in a similar situation. Pro-ana communities have become interactive as such, and owing to negative media attention, members have become more and more disassociated from the rest of society as they believe that they are the empowered ones struggling with being misunderstood. Their mal-adaptive behaviors therefore become real, authentic actions because rationality has been linked to them in the sense that they are now fighting for something against someone. What makes these communities more disassociated and somewhat ‘mad’ themselves is that the websites they use have developed hierarchies of eating disorders, with anorexia at the top. Whether or not these hierarchies imply an order of power relations remains to be discovered, and will be something that will be un-veiled in the essay. Something that is clear however, is the fact that the online communities do seem to be heavily connected to a form of gender capital in favor of hegemonic femininity. To demonstrate how important authenticity is to pro-ana communities, the essay will also focus upon the â€Å"wannarexics†. These are the frauds of the online communities; the ones that present pictures of themselves that do not correspond to their real-life bodies. They are the subject of ridicule in a pro-ana community, and show an apparent lack of respect for those that are truly anorexic and have chosen to be as a lifestyle choice. There are policies and rules that these communities have (like any other community) to police their membership. For instance, photos must be posted of member’s bodies, and so must they post food reports of what they have eaten on any given day. Group fasting is a growing fad too; including surveys and ‘weigh-ins’. This proves that being able to relate to one another is essential in a pro-ana community, and that authenticity is the key to their survival. Self-policing is becoming a more well-known and collected movement as well (as it has been under the radar for many years before). Self-hatred is described as being as great motivation tool, as well as recounting such bodily effects as hair loss, the loss of a period and motivational insults (calling one another ‘fat’). This interaction, together with the previous point, makes up the primary points of why authenticity is truly important to pro-ana communities, and will culminate the main body of the essay. These communities are also non-recovery based; meaning that the disorder is looked upon with sympathetic, understanding eyes and in a way that does not accept that anything is wrong. Cure is not an option, or even something that should be sought out. However, the pro-ana community does accept the glamorization of ‘thinning’, and this is what brings about the importance of authenticity for members. Women depicted in the media are not as real, not as flesh and blood as the people you personally know in a pro-ana community. Whilst identifying the attributes of these communities, the essay will also examine the rise of eating disorders in the late 20th Century, and define the extent of social construction of such disorders. Body dysmorphic disorder for instance, could be argued to be a social invention put into women’s minds by the effect of media advertising; whilst on the other hand, anorexia nervosa could be deemed a legitimate medical condition. To conclude a previous point that considered whether or not pro-ana communities could be judged as communities at all; we see huge differences in the definitions of modern and post-modern societies: Modernity and Community Stable, structured and physical (Along class, gender, occupational or ethnic lines) Postmodernity and Community Fluid and contingent, increased movement, virtual, viral, not reliant on modern social structures (class, gender, occupation, ethnicity) The essay will conclude that pro-ana communities cannot be defined as ‘communities’ in the modern sense of the word, and will deliberate on how this came to be through the introduction of the internet, worldwide media etc. Furthermore, after listing the previous reasons as to why authenticity is incredibly important in pro-anorexia communities, the essay will reach a logical conclusion: that authenticity reinforces member’s power and knowledge of their gender and their gender separation – thereby allowing them to continue their hegemonic culture. 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The Downfall Of Positive Psychology - 1654 Words

The Downfall of Positive Psychology In Schrank’s â€Å"Positive psychology: An Approach to Supporting Recovery in Mental Illness† he discusses the definition, history, research, and psychotherapy that is involved with positive psychology. There are multiple definitions that psychologists have developed for positive psychology that stem from six core domains which are â€Å"(i) virtues and character strengths, (ii) happiness, (iii) growth, fulfilment of capacities, development of highest self, (iv) good life, (v) thriving and flourishing, and (vi) positive functioning under conditions of stress.† (Schrank 96). The focus of these six domains have helped create the building blocks for positive psychology and what the patients need to focus on to have†¦show more content†¦Positive Psychotherapy was a factor that evolved its ideas from positive psychology that’s main goal was to increase the wellbeing of its patients through approaching it with two dif ferent types of learning to love and to know that is also associated with the unconscious, while some other types of psychotherapy focus on â€Å"Fordyce’s â€Å"happiness intervention†,48 Fava et al’s â€Å"wellbeing therapy†,49 and Frisch’s â€Å"quality of life therapy†.† (Schrank 98) which focus more on how to improve in overall life. Positive Psychotherapy was created based off the ideas of positive psychology with the help of CBT which stands for Cognitive Behavior Therapy that was geared towards creating cognitive bias towards negative thoughts (Schrank 98), these ideas were then tested in multiple experiments with many mental health patients but the best results came from those suffering from mild to severe depression. But recent experiments with positive psychotherapy with patients suffering from other mental illnesses such as schizophrenia or substance abuse can have â€Å"desirable outcome† (Schrank 99) which extends positive psychology effectiveness beyond those just suffering from depression. In all Positive psychology, can have a lasting effect on those patients who take part in treatment and can decrease depressive symptoms or help those suffering from severe mental illness. Imagine waking up dreading the day before you, without a smile on your face and having to force yourself out of bed. 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