Intellectual Property Protection Essay -- Law, Copyrights

Intellectual property protection has bend increasingly customary in the last century. Many factors have probed interest in this area of the law. A few of those factors include musicians seeking protection of their musical talents through occasion of copyrights, companies seek to protect inventions of advanced production capabilities, companies create denounces that differentiate their unique goods from competitors, and companies like Coca-Cola protect their undisclosed ingredients for their products through use of trade secrets. These examples are to give an understanding of how and why quick property rights help companies seek advantages in the marketplace. Furthermore, as the world shrinks because of advancements in transportation and computer technology, intellectual property rights become a large part of entrepreneurship and product development. This paper will discuss the interesting and challenging topic of intellectual property protection. The four basic types of intellectual property include copyrights, patents, trademarks and trade secrets we will discuss the intellectual properties in the order in which they are listed. COPYRIGHTSA copyright prohibits the unauthorized reproduction of creative works such as books, magazines, poems, drawings, paintings, musical compositions, sound recordings, films, and DVDs (Barnes, Dworkin & Richards, 2011). Though many people do file, copyrights do not require any special register or process other than personal creativity, copyrights take formation automatically. Any creative works created prior to 1978 exist for 75 years. Creative works created afterwards 1978 exist for the life of the author plus an additional seventy (70) years. Copyrights are given to an author/creato... ...esses expand into foreign countries, many businesses find there are already companies with the same trademark. However, focusing on the domestic market, recovery for trademark infringement must show that (1) it possesses the trademark (2) the defendant used the mark in commerce (3) the defendants use of the mark was to benefit and (4) the infringer is confusing customers (Barnes, Dworkin & Richards, 2011). As China expands industrially and technologically, many U.S. and European companies fear trademark infringement. just about large companies have done well at establishing and maintaining international trademark protection (e.g., Coca-Cola, Apple, and McDonalds), whereas small to medium companies struggle with copycat goods and services. Not to get confused, trademark infringement happens domestically with products like Nike footwear and Ralph Lauren clothing.

Free Essay on Homers Odyssey: Odyssey as Epic Poem :: Homer Odyssey Essays

The Odyssey as Epic Poem       The Odyssey is an epic poem.  In The Odyssey, the lector derriere find at least four characteristics, which help prove it is an epic poem.  One characteristic is the vast setting that Odysseus experiences throughout his journey.  Another is Odysseuss larger-than-life, imposing stature.  So are the superhuman deeds Odysseus completes on his long arduous journey.  Also, The Odyssey is found around a central hero whose actions determine the fate of his kingdom.     Throughout The Odyssey the reader is given thorough details of the vast setting that Odysseus experiences.  During Odysseuss journey across the sea he experiences many lands and people previously un cognise to him.  In The Odyssey, Odysseus leaves his known world of Ithaca and enters the Unknown World.  There he finds the land of the Cyclopes, Aeolys Island, and Ogygia.  While on his journey Odysseus must travel to the Under world to find Tiresias.  The blind man forget tell him whether he will return home to Ithaca or not.     Another characteristic is Odysseuss larger-than-life, imposing stature. When Odysseus returns to Ithaca, he strings his take and continues to slaughter the suitors who threatened his rule.  Stringing his bow and shooting it repeatedly, while even the strongest suitor could not pull it shows great strength.  It proves he is a larger-than-life man of unmatchable strength.  Also throughout his journeys Odysseus is accept as a man of wisdom and strength.  Odysseus must have been an epic hero as he was recognized by the gods on numerous occasions.  For authority when Hermes appears and gives Odysseus the magical herb, Moly to protect him from the magical powers of Circes.  Throughout The Odyssey Athena shows herself to Odysseus and gives him advice.     When Odysseus is attempting to return to Ithaca, Circe tells him he must visit the blind Tiresias, who will tell him his fate. Odysseus is one of only ii men who enter the Underworld and live.  Odysseus performs many superhuman deeds throughout The Odyssey perhaps the most important is when he entered the Underworld.     One of the main characteristics of The Odyssey, which proves it is an epic poem, is that it is based around a central hero whose actions determine the fate of his kingdom.

Asian-American Stereotypes Essay -- essays research papers Asians Ethn

Asian-American StereotypesOverviewAsian stereotypes are a product of prevailing myths propagated by various media, from books, plays, movies, television, to even historic propaganda. Gener on the wholey speaking, the stereotyping of Asian women often swing to extreme types the docile, subservient sexual object, or the dragon lady. Asian Americans only make up a infinitesimal percentage of the United States population and live mostly on the west and east coasts of mainland United States and Hawaii. Consequently, the rest of the American population will most probable get their exposures to Asian Americans through television and movies. Popular media exposure to Asian Americans lacks one-on-one acquaintance with Asian Americans. It hinders the process that could help Americans from other racial backgrounds constitute that the stereotypical characters in Hollywood movie productions are unjust and biased. Furthermore, these popular movies do not reflect the true individuality of the ty pical Asian American living in America. Hollywood has a tradition of portraying Asian women as exotic, subservient, compliant, industrious, and more than often, eager to please. These race and class stereotypes of Asian American women join the impression of what Asian American women are re totallyy like to other Americans as well as to Asian Americans themselves. This perpetuates race and class inequalities of Asian Americans by allowing these belittling Asian characteristics to appear repeatedly in society. The beliefs that Asian American women are weak or passive and allow themselves to be sexually and emotionally abused by men also prevail in common media. These stereotypes of a submissive, obedient Asian woman made up of sexual desires postponement to be rescued by a man were formed by mesmerized, ignorant Westerners who were not viewing Asians as people, rather as objects for their enjoyment. These Hollywood images of ? halcyon women? have spilled over into mainstream images of Asian women. In result, Asian women are viewed for their sexual desire and hyper-femininityAs mysterious and sexual, Asian women cannot be taken seriously by society. Ideally, these women are depicted as geisha girls, Oriental massagers, comfort women and prostitutes. With their main objective being to submit to their dominator?s every desire, Asian women are seen as sexually desirable. The stereotype remains that all of th... ...nd that many non-Asian students at UCI had not even heard of terms such as ?Dragon Lady? or ?China Doll.? Though they did know the connotations behind the stereotypes, they were not familiar with the actual label. The Asian men in our study already knew those terms, most likely because they were increase within the Asian culture, which provides a biased viewpoint.In conclusion, it is very obvious that the stereotypes that Hollywood creates about certain nationalities, ethnicities, races, and gender that are ingrained and prevail in the minds of many Am ericans. Though some can be as comical or entertaining, they should not be tolerated or continued. By allowing media to feed us with fellowship of the unknown only perpetuates the ignorance behind such atrocities like racism and hate related violence. The research conducted for this paper shows that these false stereotypes about Asian Americans cross all borders. Young Asian American males at UCI can identify the same false perceptions of Vietnamese American women that we find in the media, because that is where those ideas are taught. Until the media eliminates these negative stereotypes of all people, ignorance will prevail.

Symbolism in Desirees Baby by Kate Chopin Essay -- Desirees Baby Kat

Symbolism in Desirees Baby by Kate ChopinDesirees Baby is Kate Chopins most well-known short story and most anthologized piece of work. The story takes place in southern Louisiana and her writing reflects her Creole-French descent. Chopin begins the story with a descriptive quote, when she reached LAbri she shuddered at the first sight of it, as she always did. It was a sad looking place...Big heartfelt oaks grew close to it and their thick leaved, far-reaching branches shadowed it like a pall (185). The preceding quote gives the reader an eerie feeling and foreshadows an unpleasant ending to the story. Throughout Desirees Baby, Kate Chopin uses symbolization to convey her themes of racial prejudice, unequal gender roles, and complaisant hierarchy in a patriarchal society. During Chopins lifetime, African Americans were considered inferior to whites and often worked as slaves for the wealthy, white families in the south. Early in the story the narrator describes the scenery of th e plantation, LAbri, and says, young Aubignys rule was a strict one, too, and under it his negroes had forgotten how to be gay, as they had been during the old masters easy-going and easygoing lifetime (185). This shows Aubignys egotism and apathy toward his slaves. His treatment of the slaves as possessions rather than human beings reveals that Aubigny has no consideration when dealing with blacks. Chopin allows the audience to see Aubignys sudden change in character once he falls in love with Desiree as a foreshadowing mechanism. Aubignys fickleness is shown later in the story after he notices the uncanny resemblance between his child and the slave boys. Aubigny refuses to believe that he comes from African descent and instead forces ... ...eral important issues in her short story, including the nature of racism, favorable castes, and the fulfillment of a womans identity. Chopin portrays Desiree as a woman whose self-worth is controlled by her husband. Kate Chopin is now recogn ized for her initial examination of sexuality, individual freedom, and exploration of the consequences of actions. Chopin successfully shows the themes of racism, gender prejudice, and social castes by using elements such as symbolism in the short story Desirees Baby. Chopin incorporates irony into her story in order to magnify important issues such as discrimination and the rise of feminism in a patriarchal society. Work CitedChopin, Kate. Desirees Baby. Literature and the Writing Process. 7th ed. Eds. Elizabeth McMahan, Susan X Day, and Robert Funk. Upper Saddle River Prentice, 2002. 184-188.

Fossil Gaps Essay examples -- Geology Evolution Essays Biology

Fossil GapsThe study of fossils provides strong evidence for evolution. (Campbell, 260) Or does it? The fact is that the fossil record is a silent testimony against Darwins erroneous theories of the fossil record documenting his idea of macroevolution. The book, biota Concepts and Connections (hereafter referred to as Biology), clearly agrees with the evolutionary outlook of fossils being a rich character reference of evidence for evolution. (Campbell, 260) However, this book, along with most evolutionists, avoids the substantial questions the fossil record actually represents. In the rock layers of the earth, scientists have found many fossils (preserved traces of plants and animals). According to evolutionary paleontologists (scientists canvass fossil remains), the history of this world is recorded in the rocks that make up the earths crust and the fossils that they contain. Evolutionists claim that these rocks have been forming, wearing away, and reforming since the world began. (Halbach, 387) Although Biology often overlooks the criteria arguing against evolution, it still contains the gaps that the evolutionary theory possesses. Among these gaps ar the arguments against the fossil record circular reasoning, reversed geological columns, polystrate fossils, sediment accumulation, inconclusive physical evidence, and leave out of transitional fossils. A scientist named Gliedman gives an excellent summary reflecting upon the latter dispute No fossil or other physical evidence directly connects man to ape.... The business for gradualists those who support gradual evolution or orthodox Darwinian evolution is that... these ancestral species remain essentially unchanged throughout their million-year life spans, yet from each one of them differs advantageously from its immediate predecessor. (Glideman, 90-91)Biology holds the evolutionary view of older fossils deep in the strata are those of the primitive evolving organisms. The youngest rocks, which are on the topmost strata of the earths crust, are supposed to contain fossils of organisms which have more recently evolved and therefore are similar to organisms alive today. Geologists and paleontologists have devised a geological time chart to fate what they assume to be the evolutionary outline of the earths history. According to this time scale, the earths history can be divided into eras each ... ...ry tales with facts. It is true that evolution has been mixed with science for the last thirty years, but that does not mean that it is the same as science it is simply another scientific theory. Bibliography1. Baker, Sylvia. Bone of Contention Is Evolution true? USA Presbyterian & Reformed Publishing Company, 1996.2. Campbell, Neil A., Lawrence G. Mitchlell, and Jane B. Reece. Biology Concepts and Connections, Third ed. Canada Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 1994.3. Darwin, Charles. The Origin of Species. New York Princeton University Press, 1962. 4. Gliedman, John. Mutations. Science Digest. New York Hafner, 1982.5. Hakbach, John. Science hostelry and Reality. USA A Beka Book Publications, 1995.6. McLean, G. S. McLean, Larry Oakland, Roger. The Bible Key to Understanding the Early Earth. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Southwest Radio Church, 1987.7. Morris, Henry M. Scientific Creationism. El Cajon, calcium Master Books, April 1985.8. Schuchert, Charles. A TextBook of Geology. London John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995.9. Stanley, Steven M. Fossil. World Book Online. Americas Ed., Worldbookonline.com. Chicago World Book, Inc., 2002.

Cloning: The Ethical Dilemma :: Biology

Cloning The Ethical DilemmaFollowing the favored cloning of a lamb to produce Dolly, a genetically identical couple up of its mother lamb, controversy has arose over the frightening prospects of cloning technology. Although undeniable that the ability to clone livestock and even humanitys is a leap in health check examination advancement, such technology must be utilized with careful considerations to the issue of ethics.There are legion(predicate) obvious advantages of cloning technology which comes to mind with the successful cloning of Dolly. Of most immediate concern will be the ability to clone a variety of animal species for food, research and medical uses. For instance, farmers can at one time opt to farm only genetically cloned, top quality animals. Another possibility can be the mass cloning of animals with genetic defects that mimic human diseases. This will facilitate large-scale scientific research of such diseases. Cloning also raises the possibility of producing transgenic animals, which can help alleviate human organ dearth by providing organs for transplant. There are still many more opportunities resulting from cloning that cannot be discussed here due to the brevity of this essay.Judging by the many advantages of cloning, should we then jump into this new technology without further hesitation? There are ethical issues that must be carefully considered. For instance, is it right for us to bust to human farming to provide suitable organs for transplants? Are we not infringing on the rights of these human clones? Or do we not even consider them to be in the same class as us? What about the possibility of having designer babies? Would not it be perfect(a) if we are able to select babies the expression we buy our groceries, selecting those without inherent flaws? What about those who cannot afford to have their babies made to order? Will their children be subject to discrimination simply because they are less than perfect? Other than et hic issues alone, there are medical issues to take into consideration as well. Cloning technology is still in its infancy and as yet, immense term effects of cloning are still unpredictable. Should we then go ahead with mass cloning when we are still groping in the puritanic as to its future consequences?There is a need for us to view cloning research in the right perspective. As with any other medical research, it can be a double-edged sword if exploited in the wrong manner.

Cloning: The Ethical Dilemma :: Biology

re-create The Ethical DilemmaFollowing the successful cloning of a lamb to produce Dolly, a genetically identical twin of its mother lamb, controversy has arose over the frightening prospects of cloning technology. Although undeniable that the ability to clone descent and even clements is a leap in medical advancement, such technology must be utilized with c atomic number 18ful considerations to the issue of ethics.There are many obvious advantages of cloning technology which comes to mind with the successful cloning of Dolly. Of most immediate concern will be the ability to clone a variety of animal species for food, investigate and medical uses. For instance, farmers give the axe now opt to farm only genetically cloned, top quality animals. Another curtain raising can be the nap cloning of animals with genetic defects that mimic human diseases. This will facilitate large-scale scientific research of such diseases. Cloning also raises the possibility of producing transgenic animals, which can help alleviate human organ shortage by providing organs for transplant. There are still many more opportunities resulting from cloning that cannot be discussed here due to the brevity of this essay.Judging by the many advantages of cloning, should we then jump into this new technology without further hesitation? There are estimable issues that must be carefully considered. For instance, is it right for us to turn to human farming to provide suitable organs for transplants? Are we not infringing on the rights of these human clones? Or do we not even consider them to be in the same class as us? What about the possibility of having designer babies? Would not it be perfect if we are able to select babies the way we buy our groceries, selecting those without inherent flaws? What about those who cannot afford to have their babies made to order? Will their children be subject to discrimination simply because they are less than perfect? Other than ethic issues alone, the re are medical issues to take into consideration as well. Cloning technology is still in its infancy and as yet, long term effects of cloning are still unpredictable. Should we then go ahead with mass cloning when we are still groping in the dark as to its future consequences?There is a need for us to view cloning research in the right perspective. As with any other medical research, it can be a double-edged sword if exploited in the wrong manner.

International Issues Essay

AbstractNo cardinal countries eat up the same political and statutory system. Each rude has its own laws and regulations on melody and products. When doing business enterprise in other country it is important to get by the laws and abide by them. Culture plays a huge part in a businesss success when venturing into a foreign market. organism sensitive to the cultural and religious beliefs in that country is important to a businesss persistent term success. A business necessarily to be educated in the laws, customs and cultures of that country so that business ordain be able to stick with and coincide with that country. A business needs to know how and where to thaw any legal issues that may arise while doing business in that country. Disputes need to be handled in a way that is respectful to that country and adheres to the contract in which the parties agreed.International IssuesIssues in Legal Disputes in International TransactionsInternational transactions and alterca te resolution requires two an understanding of the law and a sensitivity to foreign culture, politics, formal and informal power organizes and decision-making approaches (White and Williams LLP, 2013). When entering into a contract with a foreign country, one needs to be very specific in the contract about how to fragmentise any issues that could come up between the two companies. Deciding and agreeing on where issues will be resolved is a key element in the contract. Going to court can be costly for both companies and the decision made by the court could take an extended amount of time. If the companies were to go to court, deciding in where the court hearing would take place is another issue. If the hearing was to be held in the foreign country, the laws might not be the same and that country might not have much experience in international disputes. If the hearing was to be held in the United States,the other gild and the countrys government it resides in could become hostile and not come to the ruling. Arbitration would be the best way to resolve any disputes between the two countries. Arbitration can save a lot of time and notes for both companies while also protecting the images of both companies by not having a lengthy trial in the press. Arbitration is often slight costly, less litigious, and less time-consuming, and offers more privacy to the parties than litigation (Companies Export, 2008).The ruling from the arbitration could be binding or non-binding depending on what is agreed upon in the contract.Practical ConsiderationsWhen trying to resolve a dispute with a company in a foreign country, one would need to direct over the written contract that was drawn up at the beginning of the relationship. The governing law clause will set out which countrys law will apply to any dispute under the contract, and the jurisdiction clause will state in which country the legal action essential be taken (Smith, 2007). The U.S. based company needs to be awar e of the laws that affect the company and the business dealings in the other country. The company needs to consider the cultural aspects, the ethical behavior, and the legal structure within that country. U.S. laws governing the international business activities of the U.S. companies fall into two categories. The first consists of laws, such as antitrust, employment, and economic-espionage laws, that are also applied frequently in the interior(prenominal) context. With respect to these laws, the international business activities of the U.S. companies are arguably at special risk because management educated and trained outside the United States might be less familiar with these laws than management educated and trained in the United States (Winer, 2013). Bribery is also a consideration when taking legal action against a foreign business partner because this is illegal under the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). In some countries, bribery and gift giving is not seen as an il legal or unethical act but a form of showing respect and gratitude. A company needs to be careful on how this is perceived because it could be seen as an illegal act on the companys part.Factors against CadMexTime and money would work against CadMex in the sublicensing agreements. In the simunlation, Candore is under an pestilential and needs the medicine ViroBlax at a subsidized price. There would not be enough time, due to the epidemic, to work out a contract that both parties will agree upon. Each separate pharmaceutical company in Candore would have to be sought out and a new contract would have to be drawn up for each different company. This is not only costing CadMex time but countless dollars on man hours. CadMex would have to indue a lot of money into properly training the employees and building the proper facilities. CadMex would also have to insure that the generic products were to the proper standards and up to regulation. Even if CadMex was to spend the time and the m oney into sublicensing the drug, CadMex would lose money because the drug is being sold at a subsidized price. The royalties that would be paid out with sublicensing still would not gap the margin of loss that CadMex has. When Customs and Laws ConflictWhen the local customs and the local laws conflict with the customs and laws of an organization operating abroad the organization should look at the customs and laws in which it is operating under and those should prevail, as long as the company is following the laws in which it is to operate by. When operating abroad, it is important to be aware and sensitive to the customs of that country. Allowing employees to observe religious and cultural holidays will not only keep moral high but also will keep the company within the laws that country has. Knowing the cultural normalities and integrating those into the business model will allow for the employees and members of the community to feel that the business has their interests mind. Bein g able to comply with the laws of the country in which the business is in while also complying with the laws set by the country, in which the mother company resides, can be a hard line to walk. Complying with the laws of the country in which was agreed upon in the contract at the onset of the partnership would prevail. Making sure to follow the rules of the country that the business is in is important because that is where the business will produce its goods. Employees who engage in international business are responsible for knowing and complying with both the laws and regulations of the countries in which the businessesoperate and the U.S. law and regulations that apply outside U.S. borders. If U.S. law conflicts with the local customs, or if the local law is more restrictive than U.S. laws or company policies, one must follow the more restrictive law, custom or policy (Olin, 2012). declaration Domestic and International IssuesResolving domestic issues can be done finished arbitr ation or through the court system. It can be as simple as suing a party and showing up to court. When trying to resolve an issue domestically, the laws are well known for both parties and the venue in which the issue will be settled is easily accessible to both parties. Resolving an issue internationally is more work involved. The issue has to be resolved through which venue both parties agreed upon when signing the contract. Both companies need to know the laws of that country and travel might be needed. If arbitration was selected, both parties would need to submit all paperwork to a plank of arbitrators and adhere to the judgment in which the panel decides. If one party does not comply with the ruling, then legal action must be taken.ConclusionWhen doing business internationally, a company needs to be aware of many factors. Conforming to the culture and abiding by the laws that are set in that country are essential to that business and its success. A company needs to know how to resolve issues that will come up in the daily running of the business. Being sensitive to religious and cultural norms will not only help with the moral of employees but the community as well. Adhering to the contract in which the company agreed upon will help avoid any legal action being taken against them. By following the laws and cultures of the country the business resides in will ensure success of the company and future dealings in that country.ReferencesCompanies Export. (6/4/2008). Retrieved from http//export.gov/regulation/eg_main_018226.asp Olin. (2012). International Business. Retrieved from http//www.b2i.us/profiles/investor/fullpage.asp?BzID=1548&to=cp&Nav=0&LangID

History of the Catholic Church on the death penalty and how it has changed over time Essay

Whereas the antique Catholic perform did not fox much of a problem with working roof penalisation, the modern Catholic Church stands resolutely against outstanding penalty. The stand of the Catholic Church concerning last penalty gives a clear illustration of centuries of tension in addition to uncertainties. However, the Catholic Church with its persistent stand has been able to manage all the tensions that emanate from this serious issue. The role of the Catholic Church in the debate concerning terminal penalty has got a well-situated history.This paper through qualitative analysis of legitimate websites and published work is going to look at the history of the Catholic Church on the closing penalty as well as how it has changed over time. Introduction There argon various ways that stand been employed by valet beings to ram rid of evil doers since the inception of the world. The techniques chosen by people to punish perpetrators of violence present the society wit h great challenges. Death penalty, also referred to as capital punishment, is one of the ways through which evil doers can be punished.Implementation of closing penalty has, however, been a controversial issue that has been debated for years without coming to a rational conclusion. The issue of destruction penalty has been debated for years by the unexclusive, religious organizations and professionals without coming to an agreement. The Catholic Church, for example, is one of the religious organizations that yield for decades been in the front line of descent in the fight against death penalty. The Catholic Church argues that instead of imposing death penalty, more lenient realises of punishment should be employed (Megivern p, 391).The principle object glass of the Catholic Church, as far as death penalty is concerned, is to break the cycle of violence, get rid of the culture of death, and seek justice without revenge. Victims of violence have every right to see perpetrators of such violent deeds face the law, and the public acting out of faith has the mandate to assist the victims of violence in their attempt to come to terms with their condition (Mahony para, 5). It is also the right of the general public to seek justice when laws have been profaned, peaceful coexistence gotten rid of, and the rights of human beings violated by a variety of violent acts.The position of the Catholic Church has down the stairsgone extensive evolution over the last few decades in calling the public to seek justice rather than revenge (Anon p, 1). The Catholic Church also makes it clear that putting perpetrators to death does not restore the condition as it was to begin with the abomination was carried out. The papal authority has constantly called for an end to capital punishment. The Catholic Church under the leadership of the pope issues numerous appeals for clemency for those awaiting punishment by death around the world (Gregory para, 20).History of the Catholic C hurch on the death penalty and how it has changed over time The history of the utilization of death penalty, as a mode of punishment for evil deeds, is a story that entails exceptional conducts of the human beings stuffed with all sorts of anomalies. It incorporates religious matters and touches on almost all aspects of culture. The deep pastime of the leaders of the Catholic Church in the in the process of approving the deliberate destruction of the lives of human beings has resulted in development of a novel rear of complex beliefs and practices that make up a kind of tradition.The early Catholic Church beliefs concerning capital punishment resulted in it being regarded as a opposite mode of punishment. The Bible, gibe to Hodgkinson and Schabas, is believed to have been the base on which early Catholic Church beliefs concerning death penalty were shaped (p, 117). Had death not been so all the way signified as an exquisitely ordained penalty for all who move serious crimes, a s it is in the Hebrew Bible, the practice of punishing criminals through death would not have gained the kind of momentum it gained in addition to occupying the central position in the Christian history (Megivern p, 8).The Catholic Church has a complete history of backing up death penalty. In the Vatican city is was death penalty was legal until it was prohibited by Pope Paul VI in the year 1969. The early Catholic Church did not have much of problem with capital punishment (Megivern p, 8). Death penalty, consort to Megivern, was taken as an pregnant tool for punishing those who threatened the social and political order (p, 9). This perception has however, changed over the years. There are numerous contradictions when it comes to the teachings and the stand of the Catholic Church on death penalty.Even though it has not been totally eliminated, the scope of capital punishment has been reduced drastically. Whereas the previous pope was totally against death penalty, constantly in dite to law makers and judges to get rid of death penalty, in the United States and other demonstrable countries, the official teaching of the Catholic Church makes it clear that capital punishment is not ethically incorrect in all cases. This calls for understanding of the cases where death penalty is an applicable means of punishing disparage doers (Gregory, para, 30).Over the years, against the death penalty, has turned out to be a common phrase among the Catholic Church faithful. Death penalty is treated as a form of intrinsic evil among Catholic Church faithful. The Catholic Church teachings have, over and over, made it clear that human livelinessspan is sacred due to the fact that human beings were created by God. It is therefore the duty of each and every person to safeguard and defend the human life at all times. Human life according to the Catholic Church is a gift from God, and all people regardless of the social and economic backgrounds are called upon to enhance it.T he Catholic Church argues that it is morally wrong to take away the life of another person (Cline para, 2). Nevertheless, the Catholic Church has always protected the government in its development and implementation of policies aimed at getting rid of wrong doers from society. This is why at certain times, in the history of the Catholic Church, Christians have supported capital punishment for certain crimes. However, as the Catholic Church continues growing in wisdom and experience, its teachings result in constant refining of capital punishment (Cline para, 4).The earlier edition of Catholic Church catechism, according not Gregory para, holds onto the traditional teaching of the church concerning death penalty (para, 6). These teachings allowed for the using up of death penalty as a way of punishment with intent of defend public order and defending life. As a result these church teachings redressed the disorder that emanated from the offense. However, the Catholic Church teachin gs made it clear that bloodless means of punishment should be employed.It also emphasized on the notion that Christians globally are supposed to show mercy and not revenge (Gregory para, 7). In 1997 the Catholic Church revised the section on death penalty. This revision was executed as a result of the changes in the catechetical presentation of the Catholic Churchs moral stand (Gregory para, 8). However, the purpose of death penalty as a means of restoring public order was not part of the revision. The corresponding perception of death penalty as a way of deterring further serious crimes was also minimized.After the 1997 revision of catholic catechism had failed to institute capital punishment as a means of restoring public order, the only reason for deterrent values of death punishment was that it provided protection to human beings against perpetrators (Gregory para, 8). In 2005, John Paul II later on consultation with Roman Catholic bishops from all over the world came up with a conclusion that death penalty should only be permitted in cases of speak necessity, when it would be impossible to defend the society through other means of punishment (Gregory para, 10).John Paul II, as indicated by Gregory, pointed out that the world possesses the competency to protect itself in addition to safeguarding the common good without the need for death penalty (para, 10). The Catholic Church holds onto the fact that various forms of punishment, with the exception of death penalty, have the capacity to protect and defend the safety of the people from perpetrators, and that modern authority is flexible enough to restrict itself to such means.John Paul II advocated for the spend of other punishment modalities such as long periods of imprisonment with intent of promoting safety of the public (Gregory para, 14). These means would punish evil doers without necessarily having to kill them. Since the eighties catholic bishops in the United States have persistently called for an end to the use of capital punishment in the country. They asserted that sanctity of all human life should be respected, innocent life should be protected, justice should be achieved through law and public order should be preserved (Gregory para, 30).The bishops claimed that capital punishment does not aid the main intent of reform due to the fact that the opportunity for a prisoner to reform is eliminated. They also argued that even though death penalty protects society from a particular criminal, who committed a serious crime for which death penalty is prescribed it does not eliminate chances of similar crimes being committed in the future. Catholic Church leadership argued that communities are not made whole and societies are not strengthened through killing those who commit capital crimes.Death penalty according to the church leadership perpetuates a dangerous cycle of violence that eventually diminishes everyone (Gregory para, 31). In 1999 these bishops made an appeal to pro hibit the use of capital punishment and followed it up in 2000 with Responsibility, Rehabilitation and Restoration A Catholic Perspective on Crime and Criminal Justice Document (Gregory para, 29). This was by and by Pope John Paul IIs visit to the United States in 1999. The Pope called for the abolition of death penalty.The Pope challenged the catholic faithful globally to protect the lives of innocent people, in a similar manner to abortion and euthanasia, in addition to protecting the lives of those who may have committed capital crime (Mahony para, 6). In 2005, Catholic bishops revived their fight against death penalty and began educating both Catholics and non-Catholics on the evils associated with death penalty. The American Catholic Church, currently, holds onto the perception that capital punishment under the conditions of the modern American society is not justified in the view of conventional rationale of punishment.Catholic Church leadership in the United States has devel oped careful guidelines concerning death penalty, which apply the teachings of the universal Church to the American culture. The modern American Catholic Church leadership has expressed its position against death penalty (Gregory para, 30). Whereas the ancient Catholic Church allowed for punishment of capital offenders with death, over the last four decades the Catholic Church has come out strongly against state-sponsored capital punishment (Megivern p, 14).This deviation from the Catholic Church teachings, which have been in existence for almost two millennia, is highly likely to provoke disagreement within the ranks of Catholic faithful. modern Catholic Church leadership, as indicated by Hodgkinson and Schabas, charges that there are numerous flaws associated with the use of capital punishment including racial disparity and economic disproportion that take alkali in the trials of serious offenders (p, 126).Catholic leadership also makes it clear that chances of wrongly convicti ng men and women are very high, and therefore death punishment would result in the death of innocent people (Hodgkinson, and Schabas p, 127). Even though the validity of capital punishment has not been totally rejected, the circumstances in which they are approved are so limited that they are virtually impossible. The society is left without an option, rather than stick to the teachings of the Catholic Church.ConclusionIt can therefore be concluded that whereas the ancient Catholic Church did not have much of a problem with capital punishment, the modern Catholic Church stands resolutely against capital punishment. The Bible is believed to have been the base on which early Catholic Church beliefs concerning death penalty were shaped. The Catholic Church has a rich history of backing up death penalty. In the Vatican city is was death penalty was legal until it was prohibited by Pope Paul VI in the year 1969.Death penalty was taken as an important tool for punishing those who threaten ed the social and political order. This perception has however, changed over the years. The modern Catholic Church leadership has expressed its opinion against death penalty. The Catholic Church teachings make it clear that bloodless means of punishment should be employed. The Catholic Church leadership also asserts that human life is sacred due to the fact that human beings were created by God, and therefore it should be respected.

Alfred Doolittle’s Lower Class Representation In Pygmalion Essay

Alfred Doolittles Lower Class Representation in Pygmalion Realist author George Bernard Shaws Pygmalion challenges Englands upper descriptor to relieve oneself the pointlessness of their flamboyant lifestyle and pokes fun at this confederacy. Shaw writes to expose the differences in the lifestyles of the affectionate grades and how different regions re accomplishment to their spot. Shaw uses Alfred Doolittle and his friendly status to depict a character that freely accepts his status and his reaction to eventually moving up social classes. Because of his dislike of middle class morality, appreciation of and the freedom that accompanies his dismount social status, and his eventual advance into the upper class, Doolittle presents a desire to remain in undeserving poverty. Doolittle, throughout the play, demonstrates a dislike for middle class morality. Before he becomes rich, Doolittle defines middle class morality as an excuse of never giving me anything. Doolittle represent s a dislike for middle class morality and wishes for cheerfulness and a poetry like those in the upper classes. Doolittle believes middle class morality claims its victims. Eventually Doolittle becomes a victim when he is given money to lecture. Doolittle becomes apart of the upper class but dislikes being viewed as a member of this society.Doolittle says that he believes lower class men construe at him and envy him. Doolittle says he, in fact, will look down to the lower class helpless and envy them. Doolittle does not like the upper classes and middle class morality. Throughout the play, Doolittle presents characteristics that suggest he accepts his current lower class social status and enjoys the freedom associated with his status. When asked by Colonial Pickering if he has no morals, Doolittle Stokes 2 establishes his status and distance from upper class characteristics by replying, I cant afford them, Governor. Doolittle comments to Henry Higgins that undeserving poverty is m y line. Doolittle represents an individual who lives in poverty and accepts his current placement in society. He continues by saying, Im undeserving and I mean to go on being undeserving.Doolittle does not want to be apart of the upper class society because so much is expected of them. Doolittle is extremely happy being in his current social status. He says, They (millionaires) dont know what happiness is. Doolittle believes the upper class is unhappy because they ar living an imaginary life. Doolittle does not wish to be apart of the upper class because he would be expected to speak and act properly in orderto retain his status within the class. Doolittle, an undeserving member of the lower class, is comfortable and happy in his lower class social situation.Doolittle suddenly encounters money and is thrust into upper class society. Doolittle receives a share in a trust and is required to lecture for three thousand a year. Doolittle freely accepts the financial gain but soon relie ve oneselfs the social obligations that accompany it. Doolittle says, I have to live for others and not myself. Individuals who seek to take advantage of his new wealth surround him. Doolittle believes that everybody touches me for money. Doolittle sights one example of how individuals with money are treated better than those without money. Before he had money doctors would shove him out of the hospitals.Once the doctors realize Doolittle has money they cant live unless they looks after me twice a day. Doolittle, who retains the personality of a Stokes 3 member of the lower class, is upset because people are using him for money. Doolittle feels his is now expected to provide for everyone. Doolittle says he was happy before he got the money. Doolittle, who is propelled into the upper class, recognizes people are using him. He wishes and strives to remain the kindred person he was before he encountered money.Doolittles dislike of middle class morality, appreciation of and the freedo m that accompanies his lower social status, and his eventual climb into the upper class presents his desire to remain in undeserving poverty. Doolittle, a character who emerges financially from poverty to being rich, strives to maintain his lower class status and the way of life they accompanied this status. Shaw, by using Doolittle, successfully presents a character that is happy with and comes to appreciate his status in the lower class society and wishes to remain in that social class.

The Pilgrim’s Progress

If there is integrity book that tops the list of most translated books, astonishingly even more than the Bible, it is The Pilgrims come by John Bunyan, a famous religious writer in the English oral communication. Bunyan is said to wear a minimal proper education and a modest background, probably the reason for his simple, narrative, allegorical English writing direction. It is also assumed that his learning of the English language may have come from his exercises of the Bible since almost arrays of his book are being compared to the latter. He is regarded as a religious man who was entrust in jail for preaching without properly obtaining a license for such act.It was during his second condemnation of imprisonment that the book, The Pilgrims Progress, materialized. The complete title of his book is The Pilgrims Progress from this World to that which is to come. The first part was published in 1678 and the second part was in 1684. The first part of allegory is about a man n amed Christian who leaves his home upon reading in the book that he is holding that his house will burn down, but his family thinks he has gone mad. A man named gospeller instead advised him to start his trip, passing from one mysterious place to an different in search of redemption in the Celestial City.The second part engages his wife, the inspired Christiana, and their children following the same journey that he takes. The Pilgrims Progress is an intense Christian writing that has influenced generations, and making it as one of the Christian books in English widely read by both the young and adult readers, in particular for Christians who are taking the journey to secure church property against the temptations of life. It is considered to be one of the greatest writings of English literature, and in that it has released more than one hundred copies in translated languages.II. Body A. Themes of the Poem 1. Major Themes a. Path to Salvation The philosophy of the story is that population do not reach heaven by practicing their religion and maintaining the good nature of ones character, but rather they are particularly chosen by divinity to enter the gates of Heaven. However, a closer reading of the text also proves that a true believer essential shew that he is willing to face anything obstacles or difficulties along the way to achieve repurchase, because even if chosen by God, he is not excused from worldly temptations well-nigh him.He is continuously tried everyday of his life to prove his devotion to Him. In real life, especially to the Catholic religion, this is not the case though. Catholics believe that to achieve salvation and witness Heaven one must be good to oneself, to other people, and repent for ones sins aside from the fact that one must hold on to that religion by heart. Salvation or God, for that matter, do not choose people who will experience eternal gratification. Instead it is the people themselves who choose themselves to lead a life into the goodness of God.And through this, God opens his heart to those who believe in him and may eventually enter the gates of heaven. b. religion over Family Since this is a Christian book, the reader may attempt to question if the actions of the protagonist Christian are ethically correct choosing to act on the path to salvation over staying with his family. The argument lies whether one should pursue what he thinks is right to his religious reliance against his friendly responsibility of being a father to his family.Isnt choosing tender responsibility also ethically correct because its for a collective good? But as for the Catholics, we are also expected to take God first above all else as stated in the Ten Commandments. Therefore, the story takes its readers on a tug of war surrounded by faith and family significance. c. Lessons from seeking Travel Journey has al ways been a wonderful experience for any soulfulness. And in this book, Bunyan clearly presents to us the relevance of finding oneself and growing within this journey that one seeks.Life may be rough because one learns from his mistakes as he goes through that journey, but these difficulties prepare him to be a worthy person to the gates of Heaven. He becomes not only a traveler but a pilgrim who seeks to grow spiritually. Christian here is described as a pilgrim who takes his mistakes as lessons and eventually learns from the experience so as not to commit the same mistakes again. Bunyan also points out that what makes a pilgrim different from a plain traveler is the judgement of the whole experience of journey.Our life today is already considered a personal journey towards self discovery. We are tested everyday as to how much faith we can keep inside of us against worldly temptations. However, with the current states of mind of different people, not everybody takes home a nugget of lesson and learn from it. Some people let themselves fall prey into the pitfalls of human weaknes s and be immersed in the world of sin. d. Significance of Reading The book emphasizes throughout the whole story why reading the Bible is significant in any Christian life.Like Christians readings, reading the Bible is one of the keys to achieving happiness and salvation because it shows us the ways to enter Heaven. Take for example the part where Christian is crying while holding a book firmly in his hands and finds out a fearful revelation that leads him to seeking God. That book is the Bible, revealing to him the pains and truths about life. Reading is not only acquiring knowledge. To read a book is to hear deeply what it says and apply it in our daily lives.To read the Bible is to be one with the words of God and to accept Him in our lives. e. Importance of Social fundamental interaction If the first part of the books offers pilgrimage as an individual activity of Christian, the second part shows Christians wife, Christiana, who welcomes her own pilgrimage as a social activity, where more people get involved in the journey to salvation. It is Christianas strength as a socially active person that makes her pilgrimage a more productive one than Christians journey, because the former brings forth a communal force towards enlightenment.The story awakens in us the need for other people to share in our discovery for true salvation and how it makes it easier for all of us to closely work together in achieving happiness. 2. Minor Themes Bunyan also plays with some minor themes such as the value of suffering in ones life, the perseverance required to an individual to win the pursuit to happiness and salvation, spirituality over material interests, and that only few could make it to the gates of Heaven. Most of all, it reminds us that as long as we keep our faith in God, his beautify is sufficient enough to help us make it through the difficult journey in life.B. Comparison to the Bible Much has been discussed about the implications of the writings in the Bible wi th Bunyans The Pilgrims Progress. Critics say the book is similar to the Bible with regard to its subjects, linguistic styles and techniques, symbolism or imagery as presented in the style and form of the Bible. For one, his English language is said to be the English of the Bible that one already sees all phrases as a natural expression or means of his own thoughts. He is relating the existing observation of a biblical approach in his book.He stands up to his use of allegory by requesting to compute into to the patterns in the Bible. However, the book extends the significance of still writing religious texts in an artistic language Solidity indeed becomes the pen Of him that writeth things divine to men, (Bunyan 4) Plus, he argues specifically about his use of allegory But must I needs want solidness, because By metaphors I speak was not Gods laws, His gospel-laws in older time held forth By types, shadows and metaphors? Yet loth Will any sober man be to find faultWith them, lest h e be found for to round The highest wisdom. (Bunyan 4) He validates the belief that the Bible has become his model in writing since the text comes from God, the absolute power of knowledge. Another similarity that can be derived between the two texts is seen in this statement by Christian, I sink in deep waters, the billows go over my head, all his waves go over me, Selah (Bunyan 126). This quotation is satisfactory from Psalm 427, He has sent waves of sorrow over my soul, and Psalm. 9 2, I am sinking in deep mud, and there is no solid ground I am out in deep water, and the waves are about to drown me. (Good News Bible) It validates the argument that Bunyan knows his Bible very well, so as not be to be mistaken as accidental quotes. More is to be said about the relating qualities of Bunyans book with the Bible, its as if the words of the Bible are encrypted in his head, obviously making him also the character in the pilgrimage journeying, making mistakes, and learning from it u ntil he achieves salvation.But removed more important than anything else is the shared theme of Bunyans book and the Bible to reveal the truth about the gates to salvation and eternal happiness. III. Conclusion period it has been suggested also that several other books may have been used as sources in The Pilgrims Progress, it is however clear that the books masterpiece is collectible to Bunyans creativeness and extensive knowledge of the words of the Bible.The subject of human life being a spiritual pilgrimage that each person has to pursue may have long been a subject for many other literary writings, but Bunyans wit and inventiveness makes the book as illustrious as the Bible. The book expresses a somber, deep, and serious tone all throughout the story in its vision of mans journey to the gates of Heaven. The trials that these pilgrims have to face are rather traumatic but overwhelming. These obstacles are dealt with great patience and perseveranceThe two parts of the book a re concentrated and drenched in on the philosophical idea of puritanical salvation and the ultimate quest for eternal happiness. Ideas and themes presented are far more essential than the plot or the actions within the story. Its allegorical features make it a point for the reader to instill in his life the values that are shared, to understand the story rather than just that reading it, and to live by it to attain the gratification of seeing the gates of Heaven open on him.And the realistic account, closer-to-life style brings weight to the inspiring reflections in the book. Like most of the writings of John Bunyan, his themes offer us spiritual guides, notes on personal awakenings from a dark past, answering the call to your personal or social duties, and the goodness we achieve from Gods graces. Among his many writings include The Holy War, Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners, and The Life and Death of Mr. Badman.

Good Versus Evil Essay

Good versus Evil At first, it appears that the definitions of good and immoral are straightforward. According to the New Oxford American Dictionary, good is defined as that which is virtuously right righteousness ugly is defined as profoundly immoral and malevolent. For centuries there has been an argument among many philosophers on the belief of good versus nuisance and whether it very exists. Some argue that human beings are the perpetrators of shabbiness. Others argue that the world is non a bad place and that evil and suffering is, in fact, necessary.Throughout the impertinent, Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, there is a clear struggle involving good and evil. The reader is introduced to the protagonist and narrator, Victor Frankenstein, at the beginning of the novel. Victor, a family oriented man, becomes very fire in the modern science world and later on deliberates that he has discovered the secret of smell. With this discovery he goes on to create a monster, who dus t without a name throughout the whole novel.At first glance it appears that the monster did everything in his power to prevent Victor from having the happy life that he longed for. Mary Shelley purposely chose Victor Frankenstein to be the narrator of this story. Readers only get the story from his point of view. Frankenstein plays on the emotions of the readers, therefore anything he is feeling, readers feel the same way. He is seen as this helpless man who has been through so much in such a short life, and all because he was being terrorized by this heinous creature.I entered the room where the corpse lay, and was led up to the coffin The trial, the presence of the magistrate and witnesses, passed like a dream from my memory, when I saw the lifeless form of enthalpy Clerval stretched before me. I gasped for breath and, throwing myself on the body I exclaimed, Have my murderous machinations deprived you also, my dearest Henry, of life? Two I have already destroyed other victims aw ait their destiny but you, Clerval, my friend, my benefactor (122). However, readers do get a glimpse in to how the monster feels and the struggles that he comes across. She continued her wrangle along the precipitous sides of the river, when suddenly her foot slipped and she fell into the rapid stream. I rushed from my hiding place, and, with extreme labour from the force of the current, saved her, and dragged her to shore I was suddenly interrupted by the approach of a rustic On seeing me, he darted towards me, and, tearing the girl from my arms, hastened towards the deeper parts of the wood he aimed a gun, which he carried, at my body, and fired. I sunk to the ground, and my injurer, with increased swiftness, escaped into the wood (95).Mary Shelleys anecdote of a struggle between good versus evil makes the reader constantly redefine who is truly the good one, and who is evil. At the end of the novel, the reader discovers that it is really Victor Frankenstein that is the evil one . He manipulated the readers thoughts and feelings by leading them to believe that he was the good one, that he was being tormented by this evil beast. In reality, this is how the story really goes Frankenstein was the creator of this beast. Frankenstein abandoned the beast and treated it as if it were too wretched to be loved.Frankenstein, knowing how the beast felt and what he was capable of, continued to ignore the monsters requests for a companion. Frankenstein knew that the beast would allow away all of his loved ones until he got what he wanted. Victor manipulated this monster in to doing his dirty work for him. Mary Shelley displays this contend between good and evil very well. Candide, written by Voltaire, is a satire which pokes fun at a number of Enlightenment philosophies. The protagonist, Candide, is a good-hearted but naive youthfulness man.His mentor, Pangloss, is described as a teacher of metaphysico-theologo-cosmolonigology who believes that this is the best of a ll possible worlds. This belief, which is argued by Leibniz, is the main reason why Voltaire is satirizing his play. Pangloss is an optimist, and believes that no matter what happens, this is the peachyest life anyone can live because the good will always be the case. Voltaire mocks the idea that good prevails over evil because he believes that human beings perpetrate evil. He believes that evil does, in fact, exist and ignoring that existence is wrong and dangerous.Other philosophers such as Leibniz believe that the existence of any evil in the world would have to designate that God is either not good or not omnipotent, and that idea could not possibly be true. With this reasoning, philosophers such as Leibniz believe that since God is hence perfect, then the world that he has created can be viewed as no less than perfect as well. All the evil or bad that masses claim exists in the world is only because they do not understand what Gods ultimate plan is. Voltaire strongly disag rees with this idea, as it is evident in his novel.He does not accept the idea that a perfect God exists, maybe a God does not even exist. To prove his point, Voltaire uses a great deal of exaggeration the biggest optimists in the world, Candide and Pangloss, go through a series of hardships and horrors. These woes do not serve any apparent purpose but to invade this belief that this is the best of all possible worlds. A perfect example is when Pangloss tells Candide that he is dying because of syphilis. In chapter four, Candide cries, O sage Pangloss what a strange family tree is thisIs not the devil the root of it? Pangloss simply replies, Not at all, it was a thing unavoidable, a necessary ingredient in the best of worlds for if Columbus had not caught in an island in America this disease, which contaminates the source of generation, and frequently impedes propagation itself, and is evidently opposed to the great end of nature, we should have neither chocolate nor cochineal. This part of the novel makes the reader laugh because chocolate is not the result of syphilis they are in, no way, related.Voltaire then adds more intelligent and rational characters into the story, such as the one-time(a) woman, who have more pessimistic views about how the world works. By the end of the novel, Pangloss finally admits that maybe this is not the best of all possible worlds. Shelley, Voltaire, and Leibniz all moved(p) on the subject of good versus evil. Voltaire and Leibniz had opposing views on how the world really works. Maybe there is a bigger plan, but evil does exist and evil is created by all of us. Shelley definitely showed how humans can truly be evil. No matter what, there will always be a battle between good versus evil.

What to Do with a Ba in History

The Value of a Liberal Arts Education When you see the word college, what comes to mind? For most of you, you probably immediately think of p fraudying, drinking, and meeting spic-and-span people. Those who choose to go to college will have the opportunity to experience the social life, more thanover what you choose to study can control your future. In How to operate a Real Education at College by Scott Adams and What Do You Do with a B. A. in History by Ken Saxon, they agree that college is worth going to but they have different outlooks on what to do with that college education.Scott Adams believes in the concept of B students, which atomic number 18 just average students, and thinks they should study entrepreneurship because he has in-person experience in this major. He is against the idea of B students studying openhanded liberal arts and finds this major to be useless for them in the real world. Ken Saxon has completely opposite views. Saxon believes that a liberal arts education is very valuable because with this education, you can do anything you want. He in any case argues that the skills you learn in these classes will patron you become a better person and will prepare you for whatever you decide to do.Although both Adams and Saxon relate to their audiences and form strong ethos through their private examples, Adams fails to be as convincing as Saxon because Saxon uses more objective proof, is open-minded, and uses a more inspiring tone which establishes strong pathos. In How to Get a Real Education at College, Scott Adams does a fair job of establishing ethos. He uses his business experience in college as the basis of his evidence. For example, he worked at the Coffee House as the minister of finance, designed a plan to become student manager of his dormitory, and so far started a soccer club (Adams 528).His anecdotes supply him credibility because he has experience in the field of entrepreneurship, but he lacked objective evidence. If h e included more statistics or expert testimonies, then it would make headway his line more convincing and appealing to the readers. At the beginning of the article Adams stated, I speak from experience because I majored in entrepreneurship (527). This makes him seem like he knows what he is talking near, but this statement also worked against him and makes him seem one-sided.He is biased toward an education in entrepreneurship. This is evident when he wrote some of my peers were taking courses in art history so theyd be prepared to remember what art looked like just in case anyone asked (528). This shows he thinks other majors, especially liberal arts, are a joke. He doesnt think people need to study liberal arts because what you learn in these classes is common sense. Although Adams lacked objective evidence and came across as bias, he made his article very appropriate for his audience.With his audience being college students, it is easy to persuade them because some of those s tudents dont really know what to study and entrepreneurship could seem more appealing after yarn this article. Adams related to his audience but his sarcastic tone and snide comments were a suit off. He wrote umteen things that discredited the majority of students, or as he calls them, the B students (527). For example, at the end of the essay he said, Remember, children are our future, and the majority are B students. If that doesnt scare you, it probably should (529).Adams said this to be humorous but it can be easily misinterpreted as rude and snide. He also talked or so how easy it is to become an entrepreneur and how it doesnt even take real knowledge to be successful. When he was talking about selecting a new-fashioned leader for the Coffee House he stated, I pointed out that my friend-the soon-to-be fired bartender-was tall, true(p) looking and so gifted at b. s. that hed be a perfect leader (528). This statement makes it seem like to be successful in business its all a bout being slippery and tricky, making Adams appear less sincere.Scott Adams was convincing in some ways but his sarcastic tone, lack of evidence, and bias hurt his overall appeal to his audience. resembling to Adams, in What Do You Do with a B. A. in History? Ken Saxon manages to appeal to his audience in his speech communication by using personal experiences. His speech is for freshman students at UCSB and the evidence he uses relates specifically to this audience. He gives lots of examples of liberal arts classes and how those classes helped him develop life skills.For example, Saxon says, from studying philosophy, I learned that abstract theories were intellectually enkindle to me, but not so satisfying. Turns out, Im a doer, an entrepreneur (525). Saxon also talks about qualities he looks for in people when hiring employees, these include, initiative and leadership, work ethic, communication skills, and emotional intelligence and interpersonal skills (523). These are skill s that you dont necessarily learn in a certain major, but you learn by experience, and Saxon learned these qualities by taking liberal arts classes.Unlike Adams, Saxon used a mixing of evidence. He uses many personal experiences and also uses objective evidence. One piece of effective objective evidence is the commencement speech by Steve Jobs. In this speech to Stanford, Jobs stated that a penmanship class helped him create the first computer with beautiful typography (524). This helps make Saxons argument convincing because Steve Jobs was a very successful man and this example reemphasizes Saxons claim that we cannot predict our future, so we should take some liberal arts classes.If Steve Jobs never took this calligraphy class, who knows if Apple would be the same as it is today. He also uses the example of his friend who went to med school to later find out he hated what he was doing so he studied business instead (522). This example shows that not giving liberal arts classes a chance, can lead to you wasting your epoch because you havent discovered what you truly want to do for your career yet. Another way that Ken Saxon is convincing in his article is by being open-minded and by using an encouraging tone that establishes strong pathos.He isnt forceful with his claim even though he feels strongly about his argument. He is just saying that college is a time for experimentation so, what the heck, why not just take some liberal art classes? He even says, there will likely be no other time in your life when it will be easier to try so many interesting things (522). He is encouraging us to just take a fewer liberal art classes and give it a chance. Saxon also makes some good points when he discusses the expensive price of college and feeling the pressure to choose a major in which we will get repaid in the future (522).Saxons argument to this is how can you be sure you know where the better paying fields are going to be in five years? (523). The point he i s trying to make is if you spend all your time in college focusing in one specific major, what happens if that area in your career field goes kill the drain in a couple years? In the closing paragraph Saxon says, Think forward. In 15 or 20 years, many of you will be buried in responsibilities- work, familythis opportunity will be gone before you know it (527). Saxon is stressing the point that college is only a few years of our lives so we might as well make the most of it.This can do attitude and inspiring tone made his article more convincing and more enjoyable to read then Adams. All in all, Ken Saxons argument that we should take liberal arts classes was more convincing than Scott Adams claim that we should just study entrepreneurship. Both of them clearly understood their audience and use effective personal examples, but Saxons use of objective evidence and an inspiring tone led to his speech being more persuasive. If a group of students were to choose what to study after read ing these two articles, a large portion of them would choose to take some liberal arts classes.

Negotiating Teams

What ar the most important considerations in selecting a negotiation team up? Give examples. Why is clip an important consideration in international business negotiations. There are four misuses that lead to more efficient and effective international business negotiations. The first step is to select an appropriate negotiation team. Successful global business is dependent on a secure international negotiant. A good negotiator should be mature, flexible, empathetic, emotionally stable, knowledgeable, optimistic, team player, good listener, influential, and have stamina.credibly the single most important quality needed for a negotiator is listening. A good negotiator must also be aware of cultural differences with whom they are negotiating. It is important to know the negotiating differences between quite a little involved like their language, values, non verbal behaviors, and decision making process. For example, the Ameri tail culture is based on independence and individualis m. Americans need to learn how be part of a team and use team assistance to be a successful negotiation team.Another example, in regards to being a good listener, would be that somebody on the negotiation team needs to collect information by taking good notes during meetings. It is actually important that they listen carefully without speaking and interpret the needs of the people that they are negotiating with. Generally, experienced negotiators dictate that there is never enough time to prepare for negotiations. Lots of time is needed to task the situation, assess the people you are negotiating with, gather facts, plan an agenda, think about possible agreements and strategies, and assign the team their responsibilities. various cultures think differently on how their time is spent during negotiations. Some cultures like to structure negotiation time tackling all the issues at once and other cultures like to split up the issues and tackle them one at a time. Making sure that eno ugh time is spent on each step of negotiations can vary from country to country. Time is an important factor to make sure that all four locomote nontask sounding, task related information exchange, persuasion, and concessions and agreements all receive an appropriate amount of time dedicated to each step.Certain cultures are more sensitive to time, like Americans, and if others involved in the negotiations dont stay appropriate timing to the start, during, and end of negotiations it may cause misunderstandings. Time is involved in all locomote of international business negotiations and is very important consideration during the planning, during the process of negotiations, after the negotiations and related to cultural awareness.

P1 M1 D1

Type of Example Description Purpose cultivation Verbal Telephone, Face to breast Telephones atomic number 18 used to conduct live conversations with an early(a) Telephones are used in Lambeth Academy for t severallyers to meetings individual. contact each some other and to call parents when necessary. Face to expression meetings are where two individuals have a Face to face squeeze out be used to give students feedback for conversation where they arouse both see each other face to face. their work. Written Letters, Reports A Letter is a written form of dialogue which is read by an Lambeth Academy use letters in roll to inform parents individual which is presented on paper. of any data that is vital for them to see. A report is a written form of communication that is which is Reports are used by Lambeth Academy to inform parents made with the intention of ground on recent events. most their childs current progress in school. On-screen TV Commercial s, germ plasm screens A TV Commercial is a elbow room of portraying a message to potential Lambeth Academy dont use TV commercials as they arent for digital display customers in order to wear awareness. a large organisation that inevitably to gain ground awareness In a firm, plasma screens burn be very useful as they can portrayfrom the public. This form of communication isnt messages for employees as they walk of life passed. This enables to affirmnecessary as Lambeth Academy doesnt need to compete up to date on current nonices. with a rival. plasm screens are useful to Lambeth academy as they use them in order to deliver important messages and achievements for students. This can motive them to work harder. Multimedia Web Conferencing, Internet Web conferencing is used to conduct live meetings by the Web conferencing isnt a means of communication internet. This is a very useful means of communicating with info in Lambeth Academy as we dont h ave the someone if theyre not in the corresponding region as you. Web technology in order to do so. conferencing involves victimization sound vision with a webcam and The internet can be very useful in a class room. For microphones. example in Lambeth Academy, teachers may use the The Internet is a worldwide outline of computer networks that caninternet to present information to students in the form be used to relieve oneself information. of text from a website or a video off YouTube. Web-based Email, import messaging Emails are electronic mail. Theyre sent through the internet toLambeth Academy use emails to contact other colleagues. reach other respondents. Emails can be sent to a large amount ofThis is done in order to keep teachers up to date on people at one time.This discombobulates it easier on the sender if the current issues that are formulating around the school. individual of necessity to send the same information to a number of Lambeth Ac ademy doesnt have any need to use instant people. messaging as it may distract employees and students Instant messaging is a web based form of communication that is from doing their work. used to share information immediately through the web. People are able to communicate via the through the internet if two recipients have the same software as each other such as MSN or Facebook. P1 M1 Verbal Communication In terms of giving students feedback from within a classroom, face to face communication is the most efficient way of doing so. There are a number of reasons for this. If a student and teacher were to have a face to face discussion, the student would be able to grasp more(prenominal) information compared to if the teacher was to write downward(a) all of the information instead. Face to face enables the student to ask questions if he or she is confused rough anything work related.Whereas if the information was written down it may lead to confusion of the student which will then(prenominal) lead to incorrect answers. From the reasons that Ive stated, face to face communication is a more reliable and germane(predicate) way of communicating Other than in the classroom, face to face communication is used throughout various scenarios. In parent evenings verbal communication enables the teacher and students to have an in depth discussion about the students progress so far in school. Any queries or concerns can be brought up by using verbal ommunication. Whereas if the conversion was delivered through a telephone, the parent wouldnt be able to render and see the teachers hand gestures or facial expressions. These factors contribute to the overall outcome of the conversation. Written Communication When move confidential data to students, a letter is the most effective way. Due to the contents of certain documents, lonesome(prenominal) specific people are necessary to view them. If the documents are sent by mail it can reach specific p eople without anyone else seeing them.Whilst on the other hand if the school were to fax the information to the students home, it enables anyone that picks up the paper from the fax machine to be able to see it. some other addition to written communication is the fact that hand held documents enables the user to constantly look over it as much time as needed as its recorded and can be write at any time. This is one of the key features of written communication. If the information was verbally communicated to the individual, it could lead to some information to being misheard or forgotten and could have been vital to the discussion.On screen communication On screen communication has many advantages. Through using plasma screens throughout Lambeth Academy, it enables large audiences to view the information at once. Plasma screens are placed on the ground, 1st and 2nd floor of the school. Due to the variety of students and teachers that continuously walk passed them, it reaches a larg e number of people. When we compare plasma screens to emails, in this situation plasma screens may be a more liable source of communication. The reason for this is because the information displayed on the plasma screens are more general and implies to most of the people in the school.If the information was sent through email, people may toss away it as junk causing them to ignore it overall. Multimedia communication This type of communication is used to carry information through using sound and video. In a classroom multimedia communication is a good way of engaging the class. By using YouTube in an educational manner, its possible to gain the attention of all students. Whilst written communication is a good way of conveying information, students may take down bored causing them to get side tracked which will lead to a loss in attention. This will cause the aims and objectives to be lost.Web Based communication This type of communication is used in order to communicate messages o ver the web. This can be done in the form of emails. Lambeth Academy use emails in order to communicate with other teachers and colleagues around the school. Through using emails an individual can send a mass amount of information to a wide range of people in an instant. D1 In this designation Ill be talking about setback and the strategic decisions that theyve made in order to sustain and attract tender customers. In 1982 black eye decided to break into a new market by introducing a lighter version of the original Coke.The name of this intersection was dieting Coke and would be aimed at people that were health conscious, but at the same time, still enjoyed the taste of Coca Cola. This was done to look and glut a gap in the market which increased both market share and revenue. During the age that Diet Coke was in production, the company realised that Diet Coke was only attracting female customers. This was a huge error in Diet Coke, so the company made the decision of creati ng a new product that attained the needs of male health conscious customers.Coke Zero was produced in order to fill this gap. Therefore with all the above information in mind, this issue encouraged Coke to come up with some strategic planning, hence them entering a new market with a product that is aimed specifically at men that were interested in sport or who lead healthy lifestyles. Coke managed to attain data by acquiring comprehensive market research. Before Coke Zero was put on the production line, data needed to be gathitherd. During their market research, Coke decided to ask males whether they buy Diet Coke, the answer to this question was no.There are various reasons why this could have occurred. First of all, the name. The name Diet Coke doesnt appeal to men as it gives off a feminine impression. Also the way that the product is packaged and advertised. Diet Coke uses various techniques to target women. One way in which they do this is through using young male models (usual ly half naked) cleaning windows or doing some kind of masculine activity, such as maintenance. This attracts the attention of female customers and draws them in to buy the product.In order to make this product a success, Coke had to maintain data on whether or not they was any demand for Coke Zero on the market as there was already a similar product which was produced by their main competitor, Pepsi (Max). extreme research was done on Pepsi Max in terms of their sales and their male attraction. This was done imputable to the two products aiming a similar product towards the same audience. later on all the research had been done towards the needs of Coke Zero, a meeting would be needed between the people at the top of the power structure of Coke.Looking at all the data that had been gathered by Cokes research team, it was decided that there was enough room in the market for Cokes new product to be released. After the idea of Coke Zero had been established, it then had to be run thr ough the finance department in order to assess whether or not it would be efficient to release this product during this economic climate, at this time period. After the decision to release Coke Zero had been established, Coke had to think of an effective marketing technique which would draw in sales for the product.This was done through specialising their Coke Zero advertisements to appeal to men. This can be seen through their commercials, where they keep their male audiences attention by adding explosions and adrenaline pump sport activities. All the information that Coke gathered has been productively used in order to make Coke Zero the best it can be. This was done through using thorough research based on areas which aided the production of Coke Zero in terms of potential sales and demand. pic

Building the team Essay

2.1 Explain what behaviours you micturate developed in order to maintain trustingness in your drug withdrawal.In order to main trust at the detachment I aim is to set aim example in the way I present myself and be start out. . A good drawing card should possess characteristics that encourage the formation of a close knit, upstanding police squad. Many of these ar my make natural and personal characteristics, yet to some have to be learnt.I have been told that I have an progressable demeanour and I am genuinely a feel for person. I am also trustworthy and loyal, with a deep sense of integrity and fairness, and high, but not narrow, moral values.I am enthusiastic and encouraging to an early(a)(prenominal)s, showing my upbeat, positive nature. As a business firm believer in self discipline and hard work, I am reliable and punctual. My natural tact, circumspection and understanding mean that my squad argon happy to discuss any matters freely. Communication and listening ar essential for building a good team, ensuring that time is allocated for themHaving been supplied with knowledge, through training with the plebe line, and gained qualifications I have become more self-assured and decisive, not afraid of using my own judgement to address issues which be causing problems. By ensuring that I have up to date instruction I can jut out ahead, be forward thinking, but maintain a degree of flexibility.Committed to the detachment I am willing to take responsibility and stand up for the team, supporting them as necessary. I have learnt to survey with issues in a calm and straight forward manner.2.2 Explain why confidentiality is important in building and maintaining trust within the team.To earn a record of reliability you take in to earn the trust of the otherteam members. Respecting, and keeping cartels, is paramount as team leaders need to be able to be trusted with private and confidential information.You should never share information that you have been asked to keep confidential and drill your judgment when it comes to matters of implied confidentiality. You must keep things confidential that are intended to be so even if a there are problems within the team. There are exceptions to keeping rule, such as when somevirtuosos health or well- being is at risk, or if there is a likelihood of mortal being endangered.Its not an easy commitment to vow never share anything that must be kept confidential, but you should remember that their decision to share or not to divulge information that whitethorn need how others view that person. When consider sharing information you should ask yourself if there is any chance that the person who imparted the information would like it kept confidential. If that is the case, you should not share it.When things are kept confidential that should be confidential, a reputation as a person who can be trusted will be gained. Trust and confidence in leadership is one of the most(prenominal) rel iable indicators of satisfaction in an organization, encouraging openness. Maintaining trust avoids mesh within the group. Many issues are resolved by team members trusting their leader adequately to approach him with any problem they may have, however large or small it may be.2.3 Give one example of a group and one example of a team within the Cadet Force. warrant the classification of examples minded(p).An example of a team within the Cadet Force is the Detachment staff i.e. the bountiful instructors.They have individual and mutual responsibilities but they work together in decision making, discussion, planning, problem solving, snap on team goals. Defined individual roles, responsibilities and tasks help the team todo its work. These are often shared out and rotated. Each member of the team is concerned with results achieved and challenges they face. The teams purpose, goals and organisation is shaped by team leader along with other team members.An example of a group within the Cadet Force is the cadets who attend the detachment.The cadets are not involved in the planning the aims and objectives. They have each have their own accountability and work to achieve individual results and goals. They come together to train and learn but are responsible for their own outcome and challenges. The cadets each have individual roles but work as a group to attain results. The group is lead by the team and its leader, the detachment staff and commander, and guided in its aim, goals and approach to training.2.4 Describe the stages of an established model group formation using examples from your experience to illustrate these if possible.In 1965 Bruce Tuckman developed a 5 stage model of group development, focusing on the way a task is approached and completed from the start to the end. stop 1 Forming The group comes together and gets to know one other and form into a group. Stage 2 Storming Differing ideas are raised on how to complete the task and trialling of th eories. Stage 3 Norming Agreement is reached on how the group will operate. Stage 4 Performing The group practices its appendagees and plans. It becomes powerful in meeting its objectives.10 years later an additional stage was added.Stage 5 Adjourning and Transforming The process of ending the project, letting go of the group structure and moving on. The group can reform at any phase to review their goals or change members of the team. This can meaningreverting to the first stage, but it will progress rapidly as the in the raw member is included in the group.In the Cadet Force an example the group is seen during field craft training. The cadets are formed into groups of up to eight, to create a section. They need establish the leader, 1IC, second in command, 2IC, and the duties of the remaining members of the group. They need to discuss and plan how they are complete the task, perform the section attack and review how they feel they performed.2.5 Explain how a Commanding poli ce officer could benefit from knowing team members preferred team roles.Most cadet detachment teams are made up of people with a varied range of experience, abilities, knowledge, confidence and commitment. Each and all one of them has their own individual strengths and weaknesses. Knowing the team members preferred role enables the team leader to allocate roles that are most suited them and were they will produce the best results. For instance someone who is expert in First Aid should be allocated responsibility for that training. Likewise a person who has a lot of experience in a field craft role can be utilized to co-ordinate that training.In 1985, Margerison and McCann produced a classification list for members of a team. They identified these roles in terms of those who were most happily suited to innovating, promoting, developing, organising, producing, inspecting, maintaining and advising. This forms an excellent basis on creating an efficient, confident team that is able to produce results. unalike personalities require different carriages of leadership and guidance. Knowing an individuals personality will enable the commander to adapt the style of leadership for that person. For instance a new team member, with little knowledge of the Cadet Force, will need direction, tutoring and demonstration of the tasks he will be undertaking.A member who has several years of experience may need refresher training or be required on take on new responsibilities. These can make them feel insecure and unsure. This situation may require coaching from the commander, reaffirming their abilities.Someone who has sufficient experience, knowledge and skills will only need support and guidance to achieve results.An experienced instructor who is confident in his abilities would resent close supervision and would prefer to be left to deal with a given task on his own. The commander would be able to delegate responsibilities to this person freeing him to pay proximate attent ion to those who need it.Knowing the detachment staffss preferred roles and leadership requirements would enable the team leader arrange tasks and training in an efficient way creating a well balanced, team with good morale.

Personal Trainer Essay

1. What options does Personal Trainer have for developing a new formation? What are some specific issues and options that Susan should consider in making a closing Creating a blade site that allows members to login and access information about their personalized fitness program. Susan needs to do some research and find out what internet development environments she wants to use such as web sphere or .net by Microsoft. Susan needs to look at the similarities and differences between the old and new center.2. Susan has been asked to get a system requirements document and deliver a presentation to the management team. What should be the main elements of the system requirements document? Susan needs to create a document that includes an introduction, summary, findings, recommendations, time and cost estimates, expected benefits and an appendix, and maybe to in addition include charts, graphs, and/or other helpful visuals in the document to support her presentation.3. Based on the sug gestions in Part A of the Systems Analysts Toolkit, what visual aids should Susan use during her presentation?Susan should use proponent point as a visual aid, some flip charts, overhead transparencies, videos, slides, to improve her presentation. She should also plant a contingency plan in case anything was to happen to her presentation.4. Susan wants to prepare a presentation that provideing compute the total cost of ownership for the system. What financial analysis tools are available to her, and what are the advantages (and thinkable disadvantages) of each tool?Payback Analysis is the process of determining how long it takes an information system to correct for itself. The time it takes to recover the systems cost is called the payback period. Susan Can use this tool to see how long it will take to recoup her costs.Return on Investment (ROI) percentage rate that measures profitability by comparability the total net benefits (return) received from a project to the total costs. Susan can use this tool to calculate how long it will take to see a return on her investments Net Present honour (NPV) This tool will

Canada Great Britain Comparison

Comparative abridgment of Canadas Relationship Between immense Britain and the get together States Introduction For centuries, the British Empire was comprised of multiple dominions, colonies, and territories goern by the join powerfulnessdom of extensive Britain. The British Empire was present in areas all over the globe. Around the premature 1900s the Empire was said to govern a total population of or so 500 million people, and covered about one quarter of the total land mass on Earth, which was spread all around the sphere.This imperium was known to be the largest formal empire that the world had eer seen. The empire r sever companioned its slap-upest extent at the end of solid ground War I, and at that point the empire included some of the pursuance land territories British Isles, British tungsten Indies, British Guiana, British West Africa, British East Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Canada. Around the end of the 19th century, the scotch lead that Britain had successfully kept for m whatever geezerhood was beginning to become eroded.Read Essay In Westminster Abbey AnalysisWith this erosion of leading came a immense decolonization movement by most of the territories that were under potency of the British Empire. twain gentlemans gentleman War I, and World War II put extreme financial and population strains on Britain, and even with the large amount of territorial extent the Empire no longer had the industrial or legions power it once had. The empire relied heavily on the territories till the end of the hour World War. By the end of World War II, the Empire had no choice but to grant emancipation to most of its territories, which most joined the British acres of Nations.The Commonwealth of Nations is known as an intergovernmental organization of 54 independent states that were once part of the British Empire. Within in the Commonwealth the states cooperate with a modeling of common values and goals, which i nclude the promotion of democracy, human rights, good governance, the rule of law, individual liberty, egalitarianism, free clientele, multi modernralism and world peace. There is no insurance indemnity-making union in the Commonwealth, but the groups of states are regarded as equal in status.The Head of the Commonwealth is con side of meatred to be Queen Elizabeth II, who also is considered as reigning integral monarch of 16 different Commonwealth members, including Canada. In this paper I expect to concentre on the important historical kin amid Canada and nifty Britain, and also touch on the call forthing relationship of Canada and the unite States. Also, I want to examine what Canada might be doing in the future within the transnational comm whizz. Canada was a truly unique member within the Commonwealth.Canada was considered to be a senior player in the Commonwealth of Nations, because until the early 1900s it carried the title of dominion alone. It wasnt until th e British Colonial convention that the title of dominion was tending(p) to any different independent state. Canada was considered to be the most advanced member of the Commonwealth in basis of population and sparing development, and also its relations with Britain were the most complex due to its geographical muddle with the United States. The relationship amongst Britain and the Canadian Dominion moved along a decentralist path very quickly.Canada is known to be the largest member of the Commonwealth in total landmass, and its palisade with the United States is known to be the longest border in the world. Canada also has the fourth largest gross domestic product in the Commonwealth with a total of 1. 5 trillion dollars, and ranks ninth laid-backest in the world. Canada ranks very well in the internationalistic rankings for education, quality of life, governmental organization, and economic freedom. Canada was first of Commonwealth Nations to participate in large economic groups such(prenominal) as the G7 and G8. Association With Great BritainIn 1867, after Canadian delegates converseed the details of the British North America map (BNAA) in London, the term Dominion was adopted to describe the status of Canada in the British Empire. The dominion delegates of Canada had make it self-evident that they were runnering to feel to a greater extent independent from Britain, but even with the beginning of separation Canada button up followed the parliamentary structure of Britain. subsequently the British North America Act was adopted by Canadian officials, and was accepted in 1867 as the constitution of the Dominion, the Parliament of Canada came into existence.The Parliament of Canada was modeled exactly from the British Parliament. The Canadian Parliament was granted limited power in regards to the amending of the constitution. When Canadian parliament sought after any amendment change of the BNAA it was required that there be a ruling by British l aw. As verbalize earlier, Canada held this status solely until the Colonial Conference in 1907, which was the succession when the remaining self-governing colonies also took on the status of Dominion. After the BNAA was solidified the relationship betwixt Canada and Britain quickly began to decentralize.The Prime look of Britain, Arthur Balfour, stated to the British House of Commons that these children of empire were now big(p) up, referring generously to those self-governing Colonies of the Empire over which no office in this country has any control at all, (Wigley pg. 7). During the first decade of the 1900s, Canadian government leadership formulated three questions in regards to their position in the Empire rendering solicited supporter to the mother country of Britain, the extent of association with British defense and foreign policies, and the ways in which they and Britain would discuss imperial line of works in confidence.Officials and then participated in conferenc es in order to figure out the British-dominion affairs. The Imperial Conference of 1923 was a very important conference for the British-dominion affairs. It take ind debates that focused on the unified partnership amongst Britain and the dominions, and whether they should flow together or independent from each other in the areas of foreign policy, defense, economic affairs, and the making of international treaties. After the 1923 Imperial Conference, a nonher conference was held in regards to the economic standings between Canada, other dominions and Britain.For both political and ideological reasons, the conference reached a theme of independency, and there seemed to be no hidden implications for Canadian autonomy. Britain and Canada stood side by side with each other, and accepted their equality as commonwealth partners. All dominions, including Canada, felt as though their own particular conditions were required to be dealt with in the best interests of the Empire, but could be promoted by allowing for each to do with the conditions what they wished.During the 1930s and 1940s, Prime Minister William Mackenzie King had been working hard and successfully to obtain national unity in Canada. He felt that that Canada needed to be cautious with its foreign policy and should avoid commitments. This is why many believe that Canadian policy during this time was summed up in cardinal words no commitments. Many thought it was best to avoid controversy and division in Canada since unity was so fresh in the minds of the Canadian people. The Canadians had become very comfortable with their autonomy, which was do very unembellished at the start of World War II.For the first time, Canada had made a decision to declare fight separate from Britain. The Canadian government felt that cooperating too closely with Britain at that point might negatively affect natural developments for Canada in later years. Throughout the 1940s the Canadian parliament kept put up a wall in between Canada and all other dominions and Britain. Prime Minister King would not join forces with any of the dominion run aground ministers or British parliament other then for personal consultations, and rejected to offer new support for the Commonwealth. angiotensin converting enzyme might conclude that highlight of Canadian independence had come from the interactions during World War II. Canadian Participation in The World Wars In the early years of the 1900s, when the problems that started World War I were beginning to brew, the relations between Britain and the dominions remained in a highly unsolved state. The British Empire, even though had granted dominion independence to Canada, even relied heavily on their force support. During this time the British parliament created the Imperial War Cabinet.The purpose of the cabinet was to register the dominions claims as regards to their constitutional and functional place in the empire, to brief their representatives on curr ent problems. The cabinet brought all overseas dominion and colonial government officials together during the Imperial War Conference in 1917. In 1914, Britain had declared war on Germany, and by doing so the British forces called for the Empires support. While many British leaders thought that there would be little participation from Canada, they were surprised to see the willingness Canada had to participate right from the start of the war.After both months from the start of the war Canada had armed around 30,000 men and sent them to Britain. In 1910, Britain had given control of Canadian Naval defense completely to the Canadian Parliament, which allowed for Canada to put up completely control over naval forces bases located in Halifax and Esquimalt. By 1918, there were a total of 619,636 men and women who had served in the Canadian expeditionary Force. Out of all the dominions and colonies, Canadas contribution, for a population of less than 8 million people, was considered t o be an gravid contribution. Canadas participation in the ar was to support its mother country of Britain, but by the time the war ended Canada had become a unified nation, proud of their achievements and sacrifices. They were ready to play a bigger role in the international community. During the years after World War I, Canada and other dominions had continued to meet with the British Parliament in regards to the autonomy of their countries. In 1939, British Parliament passed the Statute of Westminster, which gave Canada and the other dominions the constitutional right to make their own decisions in all of their affairs.So when it came time to commence the Germans again in 1939, Canada was not so quick to jump up to take the stand support. The Canadian Parliament had decided that if Canada was going to show support in the war they wanted to do so as an independent declaration. The purpose idler this later declaration of war was to formally underline Canadas independent status. W hen Canada declared war the caprice was to contribute mostly in the form of war materials, there was no immediate decision to respectable a large army for the use overseas.The Canadian Parliament created a set of goals to do the following Maintain defense and security of Canada including the development of the olympian Canadian advertise Force and Royal Canadian Navy, provide vital food supplies to Britain, create an industrial program for weapons and ammunition, provide training courses for Allied pilots. Also, proposals for a British Commonwealth Air Training Plan was implemented in December of 1939, which allowed for the building of 65 training schools in Canada for Commonwealth countries.As in the First World War, Canada quickly sent around 23,000 savage ground troops to Britain while Canadas Air Force and Navy was built. In the Early 1940s, the Royal Canadian Air Force grew substantially to around 206,000, which ended up playing a major(ip) role in the war against Germany . The Royal Canadian Navy also played a major role all around the world. The Canadian ships were encourageful in operations not only in Europe but also in the Mediterranean and Pacific Ocean. Canada was applauded for keeping the lifeline to Britain open in the Atlantic. If Canada had not generously contributed men, aircraft, and ships to the battle, and if the ports of Canada and Newfoundland had not been available, the war would certainly have dragged on much longer, (Munro pg. 60). The wars returned Canada on an economic level, as well as a military level. Although Canada was showing characteristics of industrial economic growth originally the wars, the growth was very slow. At the state of the First World War, industrial and agricultural products were in great demand by the Allies, Canada gladly offered up their products. Also the wars forced the government to create wartime regulations for the economy.By the end of the Second World War the standard of living for most Canadia ns became higher then ever before, vastly particular(a) those of other dominions in the Commonwealth. Growing Relationship With The United States During the first deuce decades of the 1900s, the United States had drastically grown to become a world power. With the worldwide emergence of the US, and the steady decline in power of Great Britain, Canada was affected more then any country in the world. The growth of a relationship between Canada and the United States seemed to be inevitable, because of the geographical location of the two.Especially since the two countries roled borders, fisheries, and natural resources, which made the relations between the US and Canada become much more solidified, and the fact that the US economy had quickly boomed was an attraction for the Canadians since the Canadian economy had a much slower start at the beginning compared to the US. A big problem that Canada faced was the fact that some of Canadas best and brightest had left Canada to go to sch ools, and find jobs in the United States, and never returned.In 1908, the International Boundary Commission was created as a permanent organization, which was responsible for maintaining the border between the United States and Canada. This was the first important initiative noted for the beginning relationship between Canada and the US. With the solidified border came some issues that presented themselves. The fishery disputes had remained to be the biggest problem for the relations between the US and Canada, which had ended up invariable for a long period of time.Since many of the rivers flowed from Canada directly across the American border the two countries had to create regulations to try and resolve the fishing issues. So the United States, Britain, and Canada worked together to create the International Fisheries Commission, which worked to settle disputes. One very large problem had come between the two countries, and almost ruined relations between them, this was the Alaska n Boundary dispute. The two countries worked with Britains cooperation to come to an proportionateness by signing 8 treaties, which would help to clean the slate of long-standing quarrels.At the start of the World Wars, Canada and the US had joined forces in the defense of North America. The Canadian parliament and the US government worked together to create a joint board of defense, which would continue to grow and become useful even after the World Wars. When the wars were over, the economic boom allowed for Canada to pull itself out of a depression and allowed for closer ties to be created with the United States between the two economies. Canadians welcomed investment into Canada from the United States, which had grown vastly over the beginning of the 1900s.It seemed that less and less British carry on unions were located in Canada, but more and more US unions where popping up all around Canada. It was starting to look as though American firms were beginning to take control of the Canadian industry, but it seemed for the time being that Canadians were unconcerned with this economic control. While many Canadians began to worry about the Americanization of Canada, they still had a strong craving for reciprocal shift between the two. During the time when Canada was awarded an independent seat in the League of Nations they urged the Americans to also join.When the US rejected Canadian leaders were disappointed. The Canadians felt as though the overall positive relationship that was had with the US was a prime example to Europe of how they should get along with each other. Canadian delegates reshaped the League by using the relationship that they had with the United States, expressing that the world could learn from, three thousand miles of undefended frontier between the US and Canada, (Thompsan/Randall pg 101). After the end of World War II, the United States had complications arise with the Soviet marriage ceremony, which began the frigid War.Canada bec ame an important player in the Cold War not necessarily by choice. Canada was located directly between the two rivals of the Cold War, which made it very hard for Canada to preventative neutral. Also, in 1945, Canadian public opinion was swayed against the Soviet Union when documents were defected proving a Soviet spy ring was in Canada. Shortly after this the two neighboring countries sign a plan for joint air defense known as the North American Air Defense Agreement (NORAD), which was later changed to North American Aerospace Defense Command.This combined the air defenses of the United States and Canada. The discernment brought the U. S. and Canada closer during the Cold War, because they relied on each other for detection of nuclear missiles. Even though the two countries quickly grew closer during World War II and the beginning of the Cold War their relations began to degenerate around the time of the Vietnam War. The newly elected leaders of Canada did not feel that they cou ld supply the support needed to the United States during the Vietnam War, and they openly expressed disagreement with American policies in Southeast Asia.Many Canadians demanded that American influence be significantly reduced. For about twenty years after the Vietnam War the relations between the two countries stay strained. It was obvious that the governments had different perceptions on international events. Finally, in the late 1980s, Canada and the United States reached a tentative trade agreement that would change the economic relations between the two. After the agreement came into effect trade between the two grew dramatically. The United States was taking around 80% of Canadas exports, and Canada was receiving 70% of imports from the United States.The agreement grew with the appendix of Mexico in the 1990s, which became known as the North American Free Trade Agreement, and trade between the U. S. and Canada remained high even to the present day. Now the economic relationsh ip is known to be the largest in the world. The imports and exports between the countries still remain extremely high. Canada still remains the largest market for U. S. exports. The economies have become so intertwined that many businesses have developed internal production chains that operate back and forth across the border.It has continuously been made obvious that the relationship between the United States and Canada has continued to grow. In 2011, the two countries released the beyond the Border agreement. This agreement basically deals with the security perimeter on both sides of the border. After 2001, the United States tightened its border, which made the bilateral trade relationship more difficult to maintain. The agreement allows for more participation with security forces between the U. S. and Canada, and creates trusted set off of manufacturers across the border.This agreement has opened up the possibilities in the future for the United States and Canada to work closer with each other in order to harmonize rules in agricultures, food, energy, and the environment. What The Future Holds In present years, Canada has expressed great excitement in maintaining a relationship between both the United States and Britain. Current Prime Minister Stephen harper has stated that he looks forward to working with the United States, while keeping communication with Great Britain.One has to wonder how the relations between Canada, Great Britain and the United States will progress. Currently, Canada shows no signs of letting its relationship with Great Britain deteriorate. The Canadian people understand that their relationship with Britain is deeply rooted, and that they share common history and values. In late 2012, the two leading government officials of Canada and Great Britain came together and signed a Memorandum of Understanding for Enhancing vernacular Support at Missions Abroad.The signatures promote the co-locations of embassies, joint provision of service s, and common crisis response. It is explained that their partnership on multiple global issues has caused the relationship between them to show an increase of strength. Canada still shows feelings of loyalty to the commonwealth, and is excited to maintain membership in it while making plans to work with Britain for future reform of the commonwealth. Canada could be considered the daughter of Great Britain who ended up marrying the United States.The relationship between the United States and Canada is also deeply rooted, and the two countries understand each other very well, because they share similar cultures, norms and values, and share an economic relationship like no other two countries in the world. Also, growing numbers of people move back and forth for education and work. Another obvious reason why the relationship seems to have no future of deterioration is the fact that the two share the worlds longest, unprotected border, and share security of the border.In years to come i t seems that Canada will continue to work closely with the United States to build up its security alliance, and also reinforce the role as most trusted ally to the U. S. By doing this we would see a large focus on cooperation on trade issues, international policy and promotion of democratic norms. If this was to happen then we might see Canada address problems that they have with NAFTA, and strengthen their military relationship with the United States. Also, they might base their global relationship more on their relationship with the United States.Since the world is changing, Canada needs to protect itself and reduce the likelihood of failure. While the political powers and economy of the U. S shows signs of decorous weaker and less vigorous, Canada should create options as a backup plan. Growing countries such as China could benefit from creating an economic relationship with Canada. Realigning some of its assets and interests with new rising powers makes good economic sense. Pri me Minister Harper has recently met with the Chinese president to create an agreement that would better protect Canadian businesses that might want to capitalize on their growing economy.In the coming years, it is possible that we could see Canada take some of its economic focus away from the United States, and shift it to other parts of the world to become more involved in the international community. Many are unsure of what course Canada will take into the future. The international community is perpetually growing, and Canada has made sure to keep itself involved within the community. The future seems to hold much success for Canada as a strong economic player, whether it is to continue a close relationship with the United States or discriminate out and create new relationships with other strengthening countries.Bibliography -Canadas World, Rising Powers Future Directions, http//www. canadasworld. ca/learnmor/ninenewr/risingpo/futuredi. 2012 -Huffington Post, Beyond The Border D eal to Bolster Security and Reduce Trade Barriers. http//www. huffingtonpost. ca/2011/12/07/beyond-the-border-perimeter-security-canada_n_1134463. html. 2012 -Government of Canada, Canada and the United States No Two Nations Closer, http//www. canadainternational. gc. ca/can-am/Closer-etroites. aspx? view=d. 2012 -Lain Munro, Canada And The World Wars, Wiley Publishers Toronto, 1979.Pgs 28-70. -Thompson, Randall. Canada and The United States, Georgia Press, 2008. Pgs 101-145. -Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada, Canada and the World 1921-1939, http//www. international. gc. ca/history-histoire/world-monde/1921-1939. aspx? lang=eng&view=d 2011 -Peter Lyon, Britain and Canada Survey of a Changing Relationship, London, England 1976. Pg. 141-150 Philip Wigley, Canada and the transition to Commonwealth, Cambridge University Press, 1977. Pgs 1-20 -Andrew Porter, Britains Empire in 1815,